Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1), an autosomal dominant genetic disorder resulting from mutations in the NF1 gene, is frequently characterized by the development of plexiform neurofibromas (PNFs). A paradigm shift in the management of PNFs has occurred following the successful development of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase inhibitors. In light of these advancements, the Expert Consensus for Full Course Management of Plexiform Neurofibroma (2025 Edition) was published by the Group of Neurofibromatosis, Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery Society of Chinese Medical Association in 2025. This consensus provides recommendations on the diagnosis, screening, surgical management, medical therapy, disease surveillance, as well as patient education and psychosocial support for NF1-associated PNFs. This article aims to interpret and discuss full course management of PNF in this consensus to provide references for clinical practice.
