Objective To compare the bone resorption between the proximal fixation of the anatomique benoist giraud（ABG） hip and the distal fixation of the anatomic medullary locking（AML） hip by the medium-term X-ray films, and to evaluate the clinical results of the two prostheses. Methods From January 1992 to December 1996, 298 patients (396 hips) underwent the total hip arthroplasty at Wilson Hospital in Korea. In 125 patients, 176 hips were ABG hips, including 103 avascularnecrosis hips, 57 dysplasia hips, and 16 other diseased hips; In the other 173 patient the remaining 220 hips were AML hips, including 147 avascular necrosis hips, 65 dysplasia hips, and 8 other diseased hips. The A-P X-ray imagings were followed up for 5-12 years averaged 8 years, and were compared with the immediate postoperative X-ray imagings. The bone resorption area was measured and the bone resorption cases were recorded according to the Gruen zone obsesvation. Results During operation, 2 ABG hips and 5 AML hips were cracked at the femoral diaphysis; 3 ABG hips and 1 AML hip were cracked at the metaphysis; 6 ABGhips and 3 AML hips were fractured because of trauma after operation; among them, 2 ABG hips needed the stem revision and the remaining hips underwent the openreduction and the internal fixation. During the follow-up, 9 ABG hips were revised, 7 hips of which developed the aseptic loosening. No AML hip was revised, but 3 AML hips developed the aseptic loosening. The bone resorption pattern in theABG and AML hips was similar. The bone resorption occurred most commonly in theGruen zones 1 and 7, and it extended from the metaphysis to the diaphysis. In the Guren zones 2, 5, 6 and 7, there were more AML hips than ABG hips that developed the bone resorption. The bone resorption area around the AML hip was larger than that around the ABG hip. Conclusion The stress shielding bone resorption usually occurs proximally to the union area of the bone and the prosthesis. The ABG prosthesis is a proximal fixation prosthesis, therefore, the stress shielding bone resorption can be reduced. The bone resorption around the AML prosthesis develops slowly within 10 years after operation. The stress shielding bone resoption may reach the summit within 10 years and it will not develop endlessly, so the prosthesis will be stable for a long time. The probabilityof the bone resorption in the ABG prosthesis is smaller than that in the AMLprosthesis. The bone resorption around the AML prosthesis may develop slowly after 10 years and will not affect the stability of the prosthesis for a long time.
ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical characteristics and surgical management of the familial exudative vitreoretinopathy (FEVR)-associated rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).
MethodsRetrospective noncomparative case series. Thirty-three eye of 32 patients were diagnosed FEVR-associated RRD by Fluorescein fundus angiography. There were 26 males and 6 females. The male to female ratio is 4.3:1 with an average age of 19.35±8.83 years. The detection of best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), refraction status, fundus photograph and fluorescein fundus angiography(FFA)were underwent in all patients. FEVR was confirmedby FFA and positive family history. The BCVA, refraction status, morphology of retinal detachment, location, size and shape of retinal hole, presence and grade of proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR), and subretinal proliferation were recorded.
ResultsAs for the refractive status, the scope of refraction was +2.0 D to-13.0 D andthe BCVA were range from light perception to 0.7. Atrophy holes which located at the temporal half were responsible for retinal detachment in all cases. Besides, horseshoe tears were noted in 6 eyes (18.18%), while macular tears were noted in 2 eyes of RRD (6.06%). The PVR greater than stage C2 was noticed in 10 eyes (30.30%), while subretinal proliferation was presented in 23 eyes (69.70%).
ConclusionsMale predominance, juvenile onset and associated with moderate to high myopia are the main characteristics in FEVR-associated RRD. Atrophy holes at the temporal half and the subretinal proliferations were most commonly in FEVR-associated RRD. Detailed fuduns and FFA examination of the fellow eye should be undergone to avoid misdiagnosis.
OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of color doppler flow imaging(CDFI) technique in the design of axial pattern flap. METHODS: From April 1996 to June 1999, 10 patients with residual wound were adopted in this study. Among them, there were seven males and three females, the area of wounds ranged from 6 cm x 8 cm to 15 cm x 20 cm. Before operation, the axial pattern flaps were designed by traditional method, then CDFI technique with high frequency(5.0-7.5 MHz) was used for examining the major supply artery of the flap. At last, the modified flaps were transferred to cover the wounds. RESULTS: All the patients except one case completed the operation successfully. The cosmetic and function of the flaps were excellent. CONCLUSION: CDFI is a simple, direct and accurate method for detecting the supply artery of axial pattern flap. This technique should be popularized to avoid the blindness of flap design.
The development and progression of atherosclerosis and thrombosis are closely related to changes of hemodynamics parameters. Ultrasonic pulse wave Doppler technique is normally used for noninvasively blood flow imaging. However, this technique only provides one-dimensional velocity and depends on the angle between the ultrasound beam and the local velocity vector. In this study, ultrasonic particle image velocimetry method was used to assess whole field hemodynamic changes in normal blood vessels. By using the polynomial fitting method, we investigated the velocity gradient and assessed the shear in different blood flow velocity of 10 healthy rats. It was found that using four polynomial fitting could result in optimal measurement results. The results obtained by ultrasonic particle image velocimetry accorded with the results obtained using Doppler technique. The statistical average of cyclical vessel wall shear stress was positively related to the locational mean velocity. It is proven that ultrasonic particle image velocimetry method could be used to assess directly the real-time whole field hemodynamic changes in blood vessels and was non-invasively, and should be a good prosperous technique for monitoring complex blood flow in stenotic arteries.
Objective To evaluate the value of 99Tcm-Octreotide somatostatin receptor and 99Tcm-MIBI imaging in the detection of breast cancer. Methods 99Tcm-Octreotide and 99Tcm-MIBI imaging were performed in 26 patients with breast masses before operation. The scintigraphy results were analysed compared with pathologic study. Results The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99Tcm-Octreotide scintigraphy for breast cancer were 94.4%, 87.5% and 92.3% respectively and those of 99Tcm-MIBI were 88.9%, 75.0% and 84.6% respectively. Significant difference was found between 99Tcm-Octreotide and 99Tcm-MIBI in both of specificity and accuracy (P＜0.05 and P＜0.01). The sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 99Tcm-Octreotide scintigraphy in the detection of axillary lymph node involvement were 66.7%, 92.9% and 80.8% respectively. Those of 99Tcm-MIBI were 58.3%, 85.7% and 73.1% respectively. The specificity showed significant difference between 99Tcm-Octreotide and 99Tcm-MIBI (P＜0.01). Conclusion 99Tcm-Octreotide somatostatin receptor imaging may be superior to 99Tcm-MIBI in the detection of primary breast cancer and axillary lymph node involvement, and 99Tcm-Octreotide scintigraphy before operation is helpful in working out operative modality for patients.
摘要:目的: 探討臂叢神經磁共振成像的技術方法及其可行性。 方法 :對15例正常志愿者行雙側臂叢神經成像:包括常規快速自旋回波序列T1加權(T1W/TSE)、快速自旋回波序列T2加權(T2W/TSE)、快速自旋回波序列T2加權加SPIR脂肪抑制(T2W/SPIR)冠狀位掃描以及彌散加權背景抑制成像序列(DWIBS)軸位掃描。 結果 :T1W/TSE、T2W/TSE、及T2W/SPIR對臂叢節后神經同層顯示率分別為533%、567%和833%;DWIBS MIP重建圖像對臂叢神經的全貌顯示較為完整、清晰、直觀;T1W/TSE、T2W/TSE、T2W/SPIR及DWIBS MIP重建圖像的對比噪聲比分別為109±09、107±13、185±68和299±133,T2W/SPIR序列和DWIBS MIP重建圖像的對比噪聲比明顯高于T1W/TSE和T2W/TSE序列。 結論 :T2W/SPIR序列對臂叢神經的同層顯示率及圖像的對比噪聲比明顯高于常規T1W/TSE、T2W/TSE序列, DWIBS MIP重建圖像能夠顯示臂叢神經的全貌,兩者為臂叢神經成像較為有效的技術方法,對于臂叢神經病變的診斷即具有十分重要的意義。Abstract: Objective: To determine the optimal sequences of brachial plexus with MRI. Methods : Fifteen volunteers were underwent MRI on 15T scanner, the Sequences of T1W/TSE/COR, T2W/TSE/COR, T2W/SPIR/COR and Diffusionweighted imaging with background body signal suppression were performed. Results : The display rates of brachial plexus postganglionic segment nerve showing at the same slice were 533%, 567% and 833% on T1W/TSE/COR, T2W/TSE/COR, T2W/SPIR/COR. Brachial plexus on DWIBS MIP were clear and complete. Contrastnoise ratio of four sequences was 109±09, 107±13, 185±68 and 299±133,respectively. Contrastnoise ratio of T2W/SPIR/COR and DWIBS MIP was significantly higher than that of the other two sequences. Conclusion : Display rate of brachial plexus and contrastnoise ratio of images on T2W/SPIR/COR were higher than those of routine sequences. Image of DWIBS MIP can show the outline of brachial plexus clearly. The two sequences were reliable and effetive techoniquic in diagnosis of brachial plexus lesion.
As drug carriers, magnetic nanoparticles can specifically bind to tumors and have the potential for targeted therapy. It is of great significance to explore non-invasive imaging methods that can detect the distribution of magnetic nanoparticles. Based on the mechanism that magnetic nanoparticles can generate ultrasonic waves through the pulsed magnetic field excitation, the sound pressure wave equation containing the concentration information of magnetic nanoparticles was derived. Using the finite element method and the analytical solution, the consistent transient pulsed magnetic field was obtained. A three-dimensional simulation model was constructed for the coupling calculation of electromagnetic field and sound field. The simulation results verified that the sound pressure waveform at the detection point reflected the position of magnetic nanoparticles in biological tissue. Using the sound pressure data detected by the ultrasonic transducer, the B-scan imaging of the magnetic nanoparticles was achieved. The maximum error of the target area position was 1.56%, and the magnetic nanoparticles regions with different concentrations were distinguished by comparing the amplitude of the boundary signals in the image. Studies in this paper indicate that B-scan imaging can quickly and accurately obtain the dimensional and positional information of the target region and is expected to be used for the detection of magnetic nanoparticles in targeted therapy.
ObjectiveTo prepare platelet-derived growth factor receptor β (PDGFRβ)-targeted near-infrared molecular probe and evaluate its potential in optical molecular imaging of lung cancer.MethodsPDGFRβ-specific affibody Z-tri was recombinantly expressed in Escherichia coli (E. coli) and purified using affinity chromatography. In vitro cell-binding of Z-tri was analyzed by flow cytometry. Cellular distribution of Z-tri in tumor grafts was determined by protein-tracing. The molecular probe CF750-Z-tri was prepared by conjugating near-infrared fluorescent dye CF750 to Z-tri. The optical images of xenografts of lung cancer were obtained by using CF750-Z-tri combined with optical imaging system.ResultsPDGFRβ-specific affibody Z-tri was highly expressed in E. coli and purified to homogeneity. Z-tri could bind PDGFRβ-positive cells but not PDGFRβ-negative cells cultured in vitro. In the tumor xenografts of human lung cancer, intravenously injected Z-tri was predominantly distributed on cells overexpressing PDGFRβ. The near infrared fluorescent dye CF750 was efficiently conjugated to Z-tri. Optical images with high contrast of lung cancer xenografts were produced by using the near-infrared fluorescent probe CF750-Z-tri combined with optical imaging system.ConclusionThe near-infrared fluorescent probe CF750-Z-tri can be used for optical imaging of human lung cancer, which takes great potential in optical imaging-guided surgery of lung cancer.
Because of the long acquisition time and spin-echo planar imaging sequence, diffusion weight magnetic resonance image (DWI) should be denoised effectively to ensure the follow-up applications. The commonly used denoising methods which induced from gray level image lack the use of the specific information from multiple magnitude directions. This paper, therefore, proposes a modified linear minimum mean square error (LMMSE) denosing method used for DWI. The proposed method uses the local information to estimate the parameter of the Rician noise and modifies the LMMSE using the information of multiple magnitude directions synthetically. The simulation and experiment of the synthetic DWI and real human brain DWI dataset demonstrate that the proposed method can more effectively remove the Rician noise compared to the commonly used denoising method and improve the robustness and validity of the diffusion tensor magnetic resonance image (DTI).
ObjectiveTo discuss the value of diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) in the diagnosis of placenta increta.
MethodsThe clinical data of 42 patients with placenta increta admitted to Sichuan Provincial Hospital for Women and Children between May 2012 and January 2014 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were examined by prenatal magnetic resonance scans and DWI scans for subsequent comparison between ADC of the local convex placental region and ADC of the normal placental region and between the results of the two imaging methods.
ResultsADC of the implantation area was significantly different from that of the normal placenta, so it could be used as a quantitative index. DWI had a higher sensitivity of diagnosis than conventional MRI.
ConclusionCompared with conventional magnetic resonance imaging, DWI is more valuable in the clinical diagnosis of placenta increta, which provides a reliable basis for clinical treatment.
