Objective To summarize the research progress of microRNA （miRNA） as a tumor marker in peripheral blood. Methods The domestic and international published literatures about circulating miRNA as a tumor marker in recent years were reviewed. Results The miRNA expression has universality，stability and specificity，and it is related to the occurrence and development of viarous diseases. Conclusion Circulating miRNA shows a broad application prospect in clinical diagnosis， treatment， and prognosis of tumor and other diseases.
ObjectiveTo summarize the role of circular RNA (circRNAs) in thyroid papillary carcinoma (PTC) and the emphasis of future research.MethodRelevant literatures in recent years about the biological function of circRNA and its role in PTC were reviewed.ResultscircRNAs had abnormal expression in PTC tissues. Besides, by working as miRNA sponges or interacting with RNA-binding proteins, circRNAs regulated the expression of proteins that were associated with cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, and metastasis, which could affect the biological characteristics of tumor cells.ConclusioncircRNAs are expected to be the biomarkers for early diagnosis of PTC or potential targets for PTC therapy and provid therapeutic bases to prevent PTC.
Objective To summarize the domestic and abroad articles related to the research on the relation between microRNA （miRNA） and pancreatic cancer，and explore the important effects of miRNA expression patterns in diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. Methods “microRNA and pancreatic cancer” were searched as key words by PubMed and CNKI series full-text database retrieval systems from 2000 to 2012. Totally 60 English papers and 15 Chinese papers were obtained. Choice criteria：the basic research of miRNA and pancreatic cancer，the clinical research of miRNA and pancreatic cancer， and the prospect of miRNA in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment. According to the choice criteria，31 papers were finally analyzed. Results The miRNA expression spectrum and specific miRNA expression such as miR-21，miR-34，miR-217，miR-196a，miR-10a，miR-155，miR-221，miR-222，miR-181a，miR-181b，miR-181d， and the family members of miR-200 and let-7 might be used as tumor markers to differentiate pancreatic cancer from normal pancreas，chronic pancreatitis or pancreatic endocrine tumors，and might be used as prognostic factor to predict the outcome. Conclusions miRNA expression spectrum are not only related to diagnosis of pancreatic cancer， but also have provided a new research direction and method for gene therapy of pancreatic cancer．
Objective To identify genes associated with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as candidate diagnostic markers in a genome-wide scale. Methods The gene expression profiles of 40 pairs of HCC tumor tissue and peripheral non-tumorous liver tissue were analyzed by using gene chip technology.The gene chips were fabricated at the National Cancer Institute (NCI). Each gene chip contained 9 180 genes. The fluorescent targets were prepared by a direct labeling approach using two kinds of fluorescences as following: 100 μg of total RNA from non-cancerous liver tissue was labeled with Cy3-dUTP and 200 μg of total RNA from HCC was labeled with Cy5-dUTP. The targets were mixed together and hybridized with genes on the gene chips. Unsupervised hierarchical clustering analysis was done by CLUSTER and TREEVIEW software using median centered correlation and complete linkage. Results A total of 10 genes were found up-regulated in over 80% of primary tumors comparing with that of their corresponding non-tumorous liver tissues at a two-fold filter with an unsupervised hierarchical clustering algorithm, including protocadherin-alpha 9, ESTs, Homo sapiens cDNA FLJ, KPNA2, RPS20, SNRPE, CDKN2A, UBD, MDK and ANXA2.Conclusion These genes are supposed to be candidates for the diagnosis of HCC. Further investigation of these genes in a large scale of patients with HCC and patients with non-malignant hepatic diseases will be needed to disclose whether they could be used clinically as novel diagnostic tumor markers for HCC.
【摘要】 目的 探討炎性標志物高敏C反應蛋白(highsensitivity creaction protein ,hsCRP)、纖維蛋白原(fibrinogen, FIB)與P波離散度(P wave dispersion, PWD)的關系。 方法 回顧分析2005年1〖CD3/5〗8月收治的102例心臟病住院患者的臨床資料,分別測量PWD和獲得hsCRP、FIB血濃度,對比分析炎性標志物和PWD之間的關系。 結果 心臟病住院患者的PWD (408±93) ms、hsCRP (368±317) mg/L和FIB (411±294) g/L均較正常值高。PWD異常組和正常組的血hsCRP分別為(482±211)、(193±093) mg/L,差異有統計學意義(Plt;001)；血FIB分別為(510±348)、(251±129) g/L,差異有統計學意義(Plt;005)。血hsCRP增高組PWD(549±96) ms，較正常組(285±74) ms顯著增大(Plt;001),血FIB增高組PWD(479±68) ms，較正常組(359±87) ms顯著增大(Plt;005)。PWD與血hsCRP成正相關(相關系數R=0418,Plt;005)；PWD與血FIB成正相關(相關系數R=0292,Plt;005)。 結論 PWD與血炎性標志物密切相關,血炎性標志物增高的患者PWD增大。【Abstract】〓Objective〓〖WT5”BZ〗To investigate the relationship between P wave dispersion (PWD) and inflammatory marker (serum highsensitivity creaction protein, hsCRP and fibronogen,FIB). Methods Retrospectively measure PWD of 102 inpatients with heart diseases,and get the results of the hsCRP and FIB. Results The average PWD (408±93) ms of 102 inpatients is higher than normal value,the average hsCRP (368±317) mg/L and FIB (411±294) g/L are higher than normal value. The serum concentration of the hsCRP and FIB increase significantly in abnormal PWD subgroup than normal PWD subgroup, respectively [(482±211) mg/L vs (193±093) mg/L, Plt;001 and (510±348) g/L vs (251±129) g/L, Plt;005)]. The PWD of the serum highconcentration hsCRP and FIB subgroup increase than normalconcentration subgroup significantly, respectively [(549±96) ms vs (285±74) ms, Plt;001 and (479±68) ms vs (359±87) ms,Plt;005] PWD has positive relationship with hsCRP(R=08,Plt;005)and FIB (R=0292,Plt;005). Conclusions PWD has good relationship with serum inflammtory makers, PWD increases with the ascending of concentration of the serum hsCRP and FIB.
Objective
To estimate the diagnostic value of mesothelin in ovarian cancer.
Methods
PubMed, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were searched from inception to October 2016 to collect relevant diagnostic accuracy studies of mesothelin in ovarian cancer. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Statistical analysis was performed using Meta-Disc 1.4, Stata 12.0 and RevMan 5.2 softwares. The pooled sensitivity, specificity and diagnostic odds ratio were calculated, the summary receiver operating characteristic curve (SROC) was drawn and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated.
Results
Seventeen studies involving 2 052 patients were included. The pooled sensitivity, specificity, DOR were 0.63 (95%CI 0.60 to 0.67), 0.92 (95%CI 0.90 to 0.93) and 26.62 (95%CI 14.96 to 47.38), respectively. The AUC and Q index were 0.915 1 and 0.847 8, respectively.
Conclusion
The current evidence indicates that mesothelin has high specificity and low sensitivity, which can’t be used alone as a biomarker for the detection of ovarian cancer, but should be combined with other biomarkers.
ObjectiveTo evaluate the monitoring value of brain injury biomarkers in the patients during extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO).
MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, the Cochrane Library, CNKI, and CBM from inception of each database to May 2015 to identify randomized controlled trials, or case-control trials, or cohort trials of brain injury biomarkers predict brain injury during ECMO. Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. Meta-analysis was conducted using STATA 12.0 software.
ResultsFour retrospective trials were included. The results showed that compared with patients without brain injury, the patients with brain injury had a higher level of S100B protein (P < 0.05). The incidence of major neurological events was higher for high neuron-specific enolase level patients than mild-to-moderate neuron-specific enolase level patients (85% vs. 29%, P=0.01). The incidence of brain injury was higher for normal glial fibrillary acidic protein level than patients with glial fibrillary acidic protein > 0.436 ng/ml (OR=11.5, 95%CI 1.3-98.3).
ConclusionsBrain injury biomarkers may be used as an indicator for earlier diagnosis of brain injury in patients during ECMO.
Objective
To detect expression of miR-106a-5p in gastric cancer cells and gastric cancer tissue, and to analyze relationship between it’s expression with clinicopathologic characteristics, and in addition, to analyze its target genes and enriched pathway with bioinformatics method.
Methods
The expressions of miR-106a-5p in the different differentiation of gastric cancer cells AGS (well differentiation), MKN-28 (middle differentiation), HGC-27 (undifferentiation), MGC-803 (low differentiation), BGC-823 (low differentiation), MKN-45 (middle differentiation) and SGC-7901 (middle differentiation), the normal gastric mucosal epithelial cells GES-1, and the gastric cancer tissue and the corresponding adjacent tissue were detected by the real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Furthermore, the target genes of miR-106a-5p were predicted by using more than three softwares affiliated to mirWALK web database and the signal pathways of target genes were enriched by DAVID 6.7 software.
Results
The expressions of miR-106a-5p in the different differentiation degree of the gastric cancer cells (AGS, SGC-7901, MKN-45, MGC-803, BGC-823, and HGC-27) were up-regulated except the MKN-28 cell line as compared with the normal gastric mucosa cell line GES-1 (P<0.010 orP<0.001), and the expression of miR-106a-5p in the gastric cancer tissue was also up-regulated as compared with the corresponding adjacent tissue, the expression of miR-106a-5p in the gastric cancer tissue was associated with the lymph node metastasis or the invasion depth. The results of the bioinformatics analysis showed that the target genes of miR-106a-5p were enriched in the multiple signaling pathways associated with the cancer.
Conclusion
miR-106a-5p is a molecular marker of high expression in gastric cancer and a potential cancer gene associated with lymph node metastasis and invasion depth.
Objective To explore the value of preoperative detection of soluble fragments of cytokeratin-19 (CYFRA21-1), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), and postoperative detection of nuclear proliferation associated antigen Ki67 in prognostic evaluation of non-small cell lung cancer patients. Methods The clinicopathological data and follow-up results of patients with non-small cell lung cancer treated in the Department of Thoracic Surgery of the First Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen University in 2017 were collected. CYFRA21-1>3.39 ng/mL was defined as positive, and CEA>5 ng/mL was defined as positive. The receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC curve) of Ki67 expression level was drawn. The maximum area under the curve (AUC) was the cutoff value of Ki67 expression level, and the Ki67 expression level greater than its cutoff value was defined as positive. Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. Results Finally 248 patients were collected, including 125 males and 123 females, with a median age of 61 years (ranging from 30 to 81 years) at the time of surgery. Univariate analysis showed that positive CYFRA21-1, high expression of Ki67, positive CEA, age≥60 years at operation, distant metastasis, lymph node metastasis, maximum tumor diameter>3 cm, and TNM stage Ⅲ were associated with poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer. When combined detection of preoperative tumor markers and postoperative Ki67, the prognosis of all negative patients was the best, and that of all positive patients was the worst. Cox regression analysis showed that positive CEA+positive CYFRA21-1+high expression of Ki67 was an independent risk factor for poor prognosis in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (P<0.05). Conclusion The combined detection of preoperative serum CYFRA21-1, CEA, and postoperative Ki67 has important value in evaluating the prognosis of non-small cell lung cancer patients.
ObjectiveTo explore the clinical value of immunotherapeutic drugs represented by programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) / programmed cell death ligand-1 (PD-L1) blockades for treatment of advanced gastric cancer. MethodThe latest literatures about the clinical studies of PD-1/PD-L1 blockades for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer were retrieved and reviewed. ResultsThe corresponding clinical trials relevant to PD-1/PD-L1 blockades had been conducted in the treatment, biomarkers, and resistance to drugs for advanced gastric cancer. The PD-1/PD-L1 blockades single drug or its in combination with chemical drugs or (and) targeted drugs for the treatment of advanced gastric cancer or gastroesophageal junction cancer had shown a good efficacy in some patients. The patients who benefited from PD-1/PD-L1 blockades might be a population with specific molecular characteristics, but the resistance to drugs during the therapy process affected its therapeutic effect. ConclusionFrom the progress of this review, PD-1/PD-L1 blockades bring benefits to some patients with advanced gastric cancer, but more biomarkers which can predict the therapeutic effect need to be found to optimize the drug regimen, and the resistance to drugs mechanism needs to be further studied.
