Objective To explore the effect of sequential nutritional intervention mode on improving early postoperative nutritional status in patients with gastric cancer. Methods A total of 30 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, Ningbo No.2 Hospital between June and August 2022 were selected as the tiral group by convenience sampling, and another 30 patients who underwent radical gastrectomy for gastric cancer between September 2021 and January 2022 were retrospectively selected as the control group. The trial group received the sequential nutritional intervention model constructed by quality control circle activities in the Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery, and the control group received routine nutritional support. The nutritional status and quality of life of the two groups were evaluated one month after discharge. Results Before intervention, there was no statistically significant difference in the Patient-Generated Subjective Global Assessment (PG-SGA) score, serum albumin, serum prealbumin, body weight, or Quality of Life Questionnaire Core 30 (QLQ C30) score between the two groups (P>0.05). After intervention, both groups showed improvements in PG-SGA score, serum albumin, and serum prealbumin compared to before intervention (P<0.05); there was no significant change in body weight in the trial group (P>0.05), while the control group experienced a decrease in body weight (P<0.05); the trial group showed an improvement in QLQ C30 score (P<0.05), whereas the control group did not show significant change in QLQ C30 score (P>0.05). Compared to the control group after intervention, the trial group showed better PG-SGA score (7.97±1.65 vs. 8.83±1.26), serum albumin level [(40.61±1.30) vs. (39.93±0.78) g/L], serum prealbumin level [(0.266±0.030) vs. (0.229±0.051) g/L], body weight [(63.12±7.39) vs. (58.17±9.18) kg], and QLQ C30 score (62.63±9.01 vs. 57.23±7.13), with all differences being statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Sequential nutritional intervention model is helpful to improve the early nutritional status and quality of life of patients after radical gastrectomy, and has clinical promotion value.
Sarcopenia is a syndrome characterized by progressive decline in skeletal muscle mass, strength, and function, with a high prevalence in patients with esophageal cancer. Due to tumor consumption, feeding difficulties, systemic inflammatory response, and treatment-related toxicities, patients with esophageal cancer are particularly susceptible to sarcopenia. Numerous studies have demonstrated that sarcopenia is closely associated with increased postoperative complications, prolonged hospital stay, decreased quality of life, and reduced overall survival in esophageal cancer patients. The pathogenesis of sarcopenia involves multifaceted interactions, including tumor-related inflammatory cytokine release, mitochondrial dysfunction, imbalance between protein synthesis and degradation, neuromuscular junction dysfunction, and inadequate nutritional intake. In recent years, nutritional intervention has garnered widespread attention as an important strategy for sarcopenia prevention and treatment. Preoperative nutritional risk assessment, perioperative individualized nutritional support, supplementation with specific immunonutrients, and multidisciplinary collaborative management models centered on prehabilitation have shown positive effects in improving nutritional status and mitigating muscle loss in esophageal cancer patients. This review summarizes the research progress on the epidemiological characteristics, pathogenesis, and nutritional intervention strategies of sarcopenia in esophageal cancer patients, aiming to provide reference for the identification, assessment, and management of sarcopenia in clinical practice.
