Objective
To study relationship between integrins and carcinogenesis, development, treatment or prognosis of gastric cancer.
Methods
The literatures about integrins and gastric cancer in recent years were reviewed and analyzed.
Results
The current study found that the β1 subunit integrins and αν subline integrins are closely associated with the gastric cancer. The β1 subunit integrins are associated with the invasion and metastasis of the gastric cancer, the αν subline integrins are associated with the typing, grading, and staging of the gastric cancer, and the ανβ3, ανβ5 and ανβ6 are associated with the prognosis of the gastric cancer, further more, the ανβ6 could be used as an independent effective prognostic factor.
Conclusions
Integrins are associated with occurrence, development, treatment, and prognosis of gastric cancer. It′s mechanism such as signal transduction pathway is not completely clarified. With further in-depth research, it′s molecular mechanism would be gradually elucidated and provide new ideas and methods for diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of gastric cancer.
Objective
To investigate the clinical and pathological characteristics, prognosis and treatment strategies of adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) and minimally invasive adenocarcinoma (MIA).
Methods
We retrospectively analyzed the clinical data of 489 patients with AIS and MIA in our hospital from January 2007 to August 2015. There were 122 males and 367 females with an average age of 26–78 (51±9) years. According to the pathological types, they were divided into the AIS group (246 patients) and the MIA group (243 patients). In the AIS group, there were 60 males and 186 females with an average age of 50±7 years. In the MIA group, there were 62 males and 181 females with an average age of 54±5 years. The clinicopathological features, surgical methods and prognosis of the two groups were compared.
Results
There were significant differences in age, value of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), nodule shape and nodule size between the AIS and MIA groups (P<0.05). AIS patients were mostly under the age of 60 years with the value of CEA in the normal range which often appeared as pure ground-glass opacity lung nodules <1 cm in diameter on the CT scan. MIA often appeared as mixed ground-glass nodules <1.5 cm in diameter, accompanied by bronchiectasis and pleural indentation. The 5-year disease-free survival rate of the AIS and MIA groups reached 100%, and there was no statistical difference in the prognosis between the two groups after subtotal lobectomy (pulmonary resection and wedge resection) and lobectomy, systematic lymph node dissection and mediastinal lymph node sampling.
Conclusion
The analysis of preoperative clinical and imaging features can predict the AIS and MIA and provide individualized surgery and postoperative treatment program.
ObjectiveTo investigate the effect of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion on the prognosis of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).MethodsThe databases including PubMed, The Cochrane Library, EMbase, CNKI, Wanfang Data, VIP and CBM were searched for literature about the effects of perioperative allogeneic blood transfusion on the prognosis of patients with NSCLC from the inception to May 2020. Two authors independently screened the literature, extracted and cross-checked data, and negotiated to resolve differences in opinions. Review Manager V5.3 (Cochrane Collaboration, Oxford, UK) software was used for data analysis.ResultsA total of 15 articles were included, including 5 897 patients. There were 1 649 patients in the trial group and 4 248 patients in the control group. The results of meta-analysis showed that the overall survival of the control group was significantly higher than that of the trial group (OR=0.58, 95%CI 0.47-0.70, P<0.000 01). The disease-free survival of the control group was significantly higher than that of the trial group (OR=0.43, 95%CI 0.36-0.52, P<0.000 01). The recurrence rate of the control group was significantly lower than that of the trial group (OR=1.85, 95%CI 1.34-2.55, P=0.000 2).ConclusionPerioperative allogeneic blood transfusion has adverse effects on the recurrence and survival of patients with NSCLC.
ObjectiveTo investigate the expression of tripartite motif 21 (TRIM21) in gastric cancer tissues and its relationship with clinical pathological characteristics and clinical prognosis.MethodsPublic database was used to analyze the expression level of TRIM21 in gastric cancer tissues and the relationship between its expression and clinical prognosis. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) was used to analyze the signaling pathways that TRIM21 might participate in. The expressions of TRIM21 in 80 gastric cancer tissues and 30 para-cancer tissues were detected by immunohistochemical staining, and the relationship between TRIM21 expression and clinicopathologic characteristics was analyzed.ResultsTRIM21was significantly low-expression in gastric cancer tissues, and the clinical prognosis of patients with low TRIM21 expression was significantly worse (P<0.05); GSEA showed that TRIM21 was involved in the regulation of helper T cell differentiation in gastric cancer patients (P<0.000 1, FDR<0.000 1).ConclusionsTRIM21 is poorly expressed in gastric cancer tissues and indicates the poor clinical prognosis. Moreover, TRIM21 is involved in the regulation of helper T cell differentiation and has a negative regulatory effect on the occurrence and development of gastric cancer.
Objective To analyze the prognosis and indications of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) in patients with Budd-Chiari syndrome (BCS). MethodsPatients with primary BCS who received TIPS in the Department of Gastroenterology, West China Hospital of Sichuan University between February 2009 and February 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The medical history, preoperative imaging, surgical records, and postoperative outpatient follow-up medical records were recorded. The laboratory indexes before and after operation were compared, and the cumulative free from hepatic encephalopathy rate, stent patency rate, and cumulative survive rate were calculated. Cox proportional hazards model was used to analyze the independent risk factors of hepatic encephalopathy, shunt dysfunction and death. Results A total of 48 patients were included. The main indications for TIPS included variceal bleeding (16 cases), refractory ascites (24 cases), and diffuse obstruction of hepatic vein with acute liver function impairment (8 cases). The cumulative 1 year, 2 years and 3 years of free from hepatic encephalopathy rates were 92.3%, 89.2% and 85.3%, respectively. The stent patency rates were 89.7%, 72.2% and 54.8% at postoperative 1 year, 3 years and 5 years, respectively. The cumulative survival rates were 86.0%, 79.5% and 71.4% at postoperative 1 year, 3 years and 5 years, respectively. Conclusion TIPS can achieve good efficacy in patients with BCS, and most patients receive TIPS for portal hypertension complications rather than acute liver function impairment.
ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of relation between visceral fat and pancreatic cancer. MethodThe domestic and foreign literature on the accumulation of visceral fat, the potential mechanism of association between visceral fat and pancreatic cancer, the measurement of visceral fat, and the association of visceral fat with prognosis for pancreatic cancer in recent years was reviewed. ResultsThe accumulation of visceral fat was the result of multiple factors, including age, gender, sex hormones, endocannabinoid system, etc. A variety of adipokines secreted by visceral fat played a crucial role in the occurrence and development of pancreatic cancer, which played a pro-tumor and anti-tumor effects mainly through a variety of different signal pathways. ConclusionsIn clinical treatment, the quality of life and prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer can be improved by reducing visceral fat mass by adjusting diet, physical training, and other methods, as well as intervening the action signal pathways of various adipokines without affecting the disease progression.
ObjectiveTo explore the influence of sentinel lymph node (SLN) status on the prognosis of elderly breast cancer patients ≥70 years old, and to screen patients who may be exempted from sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB), so as to guide clinical individualized treatment for such patients. MethodsA retrospective analysis was made on 270 breast cancer patients aged ≥70 years old who underwent SLNB in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University from 2012 to 2021. The clinicopathological characteristics of the total cases were compared according to the status of SLN. Kaplan-Meier method was used to draw the survival curve, and the influence of SLN status on the overall survival (OS) time, local recurrence (LR) and distant metastasis (DM) of patients were analyzed, and used log-rank to compare between groups. At the same time, the patients with hormone receptor (HR) positive were analyzed by subgroup. The differences between groups were compared by single factor χ2 test, and multivariate Cox regression model was used to analyze and determine the factors affecting OS, LR and DM of patients. ResultsThe age of 270 patients ranged from 70 to 95 years, with a median age of 74 years. One hundred and sixty-nine (62.6%) patients’ tumor were T2 stage. Invasive ductal carcinoma accounted for 83.0%, histological gradeⅡ accounted for 74.4%, estrogen receptor positive accounted for 78.1%, progesterone receptor positive accounted for 71.9%, and human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 negative accounted for 83.3%. The number of SLNs obtained by SLNB were 1-9, and the median was 3. SLN was negative in 202 cases (74.8%) and positive in 68 cases (25.2%). Thirty-five patients (13.0%) received axillary lymph node dissection. There was no significant difference in LR between the SLN positive group and the SLN negative group (P>0.05), but the SLN negative group had fewer occurrences of DM (P=0.001) and longer OS time (P=0.009) compared to the SLN positive group. The results of univariate and multivariate analysis suggest that the older the patient, the shorter the OS time and the greater the risk of DM. Analysis of HR positive subgroups showed that SLN status did not affect patient survival and prognosis, but age was still associated with poor OS time and DM. ConclusionsFor patients with invasive ductal carcinoma of breast in T1-T2 stage, HR positive, clinical axillary lymph nodes negative, and age ≥70 years old, SLNB may be exempted. According to the patient’s performance or tumor biological characteristics, patients who need systemic adjuvant chemotherapy may still consider SLNB.
Objective To investigate the expressions of aldehyde dehydrogenase 1 (ALDH1) and sex determining region Y-box protein 2 (SOX2) in breast cancer tissues and their clinical significance. Methods Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expressions of ALDH1 and SOX2 protein in cancerous and its paracancer tissues of 80 patients with breast cancer treated in our hospital from 2017 to 2019, and to analyze the correlation between the expressions of ALDH1 and SOX2 protein, as well as the relationship between their expression and clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis of breast cancer patients. Results The positive expression rates of ALDH1 and SOX2 protein in breast cancer tissues were 75.0% and 62.5%, respectively. The positive expression rates of ALDH1 and SOX2 protein in paracancer tissues were 30.0% and 21.3%, respectively. The positive rates of ALDH1 and SOX2 protein expressions in breast cancer tissues were higher than those in paracancer tissues, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The expressions of ALDH1 and SOX2 proteins in breast cancer tissues were correlated with histological grade, TNM stage and axillary lymph node status of breast cancer (P<0.05). By Spearman correlation analysis, ALDH1 was positively correlated with SOX2 expression (rs=0.507, P<0.001). The univariate analysis of statistically significant indicators and the combination of clinical characteristics of the logistic regression multivariate analysis found that, breast cancer tumor size, histological grade, TNM stage, axillary lymph node status and ALDH1 protein and SOX2 protein expressions were not significantly correlated with those reaching disease-free survival (DFS) after follow-up (P>0.05, which may be affected by small sample size and small number of endpoint events). The Kaplan-Meier method was used to plot survival curves, and log-rank test results showed that the cumulative DFS rates of patients with positive ALDH1 and SOX2 protein expression were lower than those of with negative expression (P<0.05). Conclusions ALDH1 and SOX2 proteins are highly expressed in breast cancer tissues, and they are positively correlated. Survival curves show that positive ALDH1 and SOX2 proteins in breast cancer tissues tend to have a poorer prognosis.
ObjectiveTo investigate the role of local pancreatectomy for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors.MethodThe clinical data of 45 patients with benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors who underwent local pancreatectomy from January 2014 to June 2019 in Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology were analyzed.ResultsForty-five patients underwent the local enucleation or resection with negative margin. The pathological results showed that there were 17 cases of solid pseudopapilloma, 5 cases of mucinous cystadenoma, 4 cases of serous cystadenoma, 10 cases of islet cell tumor, 5 cases of nonfunctional neuroendocrine tumor, 4 cases of congenital cyst. There were 6 cases of head of pancreas, 26 cases of body of pancreas, 8 cases of tail of pancreas, 5 cases of uncinate process. The tumor was 1.2 to 9.0 cm in diameter with an average of 3.2 cm. Among them, the diameter was more than 5.0 cm in 9 cases. The incidence of pancreatic fistula after operation was 57.8%, 65.4% was grade A fistula, 34.6% was grade B fistula, and no grade C fistula occurred. The incidence of abdominal infection was 13.3%, incidence of abdominal hemorrhage was 6.7%. There was no secondary diabetes mellitus and pancreatic endo- and exocrine dysfunction, and no death case.ConclusionsPancreatic enucleation for benign and low-grade malignant pancreatic tumors after strict preoperative evaluation can effectively preserve the pancreatic endocrine function of patients. Although the incidence of pancreatic fistula is high, it is mostly biochemical fistula, and the incidence of serious complications is low.
ObjectiveTo investigate the characteristics and prognostic value of cellular immune function in severe patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19).MethodsA cohort study was conducted to collect the clinical data of 119 severe patients admitted to the Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University (Eastern District) including 60 males (50.4%) and 59 females (49.6%), with an average age of 60.9±14.2 years. The primary endpoint of follow-up was death in the hospital, and the disease outcome classification was the secondary endpoint of follow-up within 30 days after admission. We analyzed the correlation between cellular immune function and COVID-19 prognosis.Results A total of 22 patients died during this process, and 47 patients were severe/critical during the follow-up period. The counts of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, and CD19+ in the primary endpoint events were significantly different between the survival group and the death group (all P<0.05). The counts of CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD19+ in the secondary endpoint events were significantly different between the normal group and the severe/critical group (all P<0.05). The results of the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve showed that the area under the cellular immune function curve of dead patients and severe/critical patients had good predictive value (all P<0.05).ConclusionCell immune function has good clinical and prognostic value for COVID-19.
