The emergence of real-time functional magnetic resonance imaging (rt-fMRI) has provided foundations for neurofeedback based on brain hemodynamics and has given the new opportunity and challenge to cognitive neuroscience research. Along with the study of advanced brain neural mechanisms, the regulation goal of rt-fMRI neurofeedback develops from the early specific brain region activity to the brain network connectivity more accordant with the brain functional activities, and the study of the latter may be a trend in the area. Firstly, this paper introduces basic principle and development of rt-fMRI neurofeedback. Then, it specifically discusses the current research status of brain connectivity neurofeedback technology, including research approaches, experimental methods, conclusions, and so on. Finally, it discusses the problems in this field in the future development.
