In thiis study,we show thai carbachol stimulates the accumulation of inositol phosphates(InsPs)in human rellnal pigment epithelium (RPE)cells and atropine blocks the carbachol-induced effect ,suggesting the existence of musearinie acelyleholine receptors in human RPE cells. In contrast,noradrenaline,serotonin, cpidermal growth factor (EGF),isoproterenol,and
NECA (5'-[N-ethyl]-carboxamido-adenosine)do not influence the basal levels of InsPs.Moreover,isoprmerenol and NECA do not affect the carhaehol elevated levels of InsPs.EGF,howcvcr,does potentiate the carhaehol stimulated elevation of InsPs in a dose-dependent manner ,suggesting an interaction between EGF and musearinie receptors in cultured human RPE cells.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1994,10:220-222）
Analysis of hospital cases of cholelithiasis in every four years of the recent 3 decades clearly shows the tendency of changes of cholelithiasis in clinical appearance in Chengdu.Constituent ratio of gallbladder stone was 12.56% in 70’s,47.54% in 80’s and 81.38% in 90’s.Bill duct stones including acute obstructive suppurative cholangitis was 71.01%, 46.08%,and 15.82% respectively. Biliary ascariasis was 11.67%, 2.75% and 0.68% respectively. Age incidence shows right moving, i.e. old patients increased. Urban patients increased.The influencing factors listed are: improvement of diagnostic methods; improvement of livelihood and diet; increased life expectancy; more health follow up examinations; technical improvements in rural areas and etc.
Objective To investigate the effects of asiaticoside onthe proliferation and the Smad signal pathway of the hypertrophic scar fibroblasts.Methods The hypertrophic scar fibroblasts were cultured with tissue culture method. The expressions of Smad2 and Smad7 mRNA after asiaticoside treatment were determined by reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction 48 hours later. Thecell cycle, the cell proliferation, the cell apoptosis and the expression of phosphorylated Smad2 and Smad7 with(experimental group) or without(control group) asiaticoside were detected with flow cytometry, immunocytochemistry and Western blot. Results Asiaticoside inhibited the hypertrophic scar fibroblasts from phase S to phase M. The Smad7 content and the expression of Smad7 mRNA were (1.33±1.26)% and (50.80±22.40)% in experimental group, and (9.15±3.36)% and (32.18±17.84)% in control group; there were significant differences between two groups (P＜0.05). While the content and the mRNA expression of Smad2 had no significant difference between two groups. Conclusion Asiaticoside inhibits the scar formation through Smad signal pathway.
The ultrastructures of 14 keloids and 7 hypertrophic scars were examined by electron micrascopy.Both lesions were found to be comprised of fibroblasts, macrophages, microfi brils of collagen andmicrovessels which were partly or completely obliterated. Most fibroblasts were of active cell types.They contained abundant coarse endoplasmic reticulum and prominent Golgi complexes. The fibrils inthe lesions were irtegularly arranged. Meanwhile myofibroblasts were often seen in the keloid.In the cytoplasm of the myofibroblasts, in addition to coarse endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi complexes, many fine myofilaments, dense bodies, dense patches and distrupted basal lamina were present. These characteristic features might help to differentiate keloid from hypertrophic sacr.
Objective To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of foscarnet sodium in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B. Methods We searched MEDLINE, EMbase, The Cochrane Library and CNKI from 1978 to June 2006. Randomized controlled trials of foscarnet sodium versus other drugs or no drugs in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B were identified. The quality of the included trials was evaluated by two reviewers independently. Meta-analysis was done using The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 4.2.7. Results Seven studies (337 patients) were included; one compared foscarnet sodium versus interferon, and the other six compared foscarnet sodium versus no drugs. All the included studies were graded in terms of the quality of randomization, allocation concealment and blinding. All 7 studies were graded as level C. The meta-analysis showed that: ① foscarnet sodium was not significantly different from interferon in clinical efficacy, liver function, negative-conversion rate of virological markers and side effects. ② compared with the no drugs group, the negative-conversion rate of virological markers was significantly higher for the foscarnet sodium group, HBeAg (RR 6.20, 95%CI 1.76 to 21.79) and HBV-DNA (RR 4.13, 95%CI 1.32 to 12.86); but there were no significant differences in clinical efficacy, liver function and side effects. Conclusions Available evidence shows that: in the treatment of chronic hepatitis B the effectiveness and safety of foscarnet sodium are not significantly different from interferon, but only one trial is included in this review, so the evidence is weak. Compared with no drugs, foscarnet sodium significantly improves the negative-conversion rate of virological markers, but the evidence is insufficient to show whether foscarnet sodium could improve clinical efficacy and liver function, as well as reduce side effects.
摘要:目的: 探討經子宮動脈介入化療栓塞治療剖宮產切口瘢痕妊娠的應用價值。 方法 :回顧分析本院自2006年7月至2007年12月子宮動脈介入治療的15例剖宮產切口瘢痕妊娠病例資料。 結果 :15例介入治療均成功,其中8例化療及明膠海綿栓塞后加用彈簧圈栓塞,術后陰道流血停止,孕囊明顯縮小,血清人絨毛膜促性腺激素明顯下降。術后清宮無大出血,病理檢查示子宮瘢痕部位絨毛、蛻膜或胎盤組織,有變性、壞死。 結論 :經子宮動脈介入治療剖宮產瘢痕妊娠,能有效預防和控制出血,減小清宮危險,并保留子宮,是剖宮產瘢痕妊娠安全、有效的治療方法之一。 Abstract: Objective: To investigate the value of uterine artery chemotherapy and embolization in the treatment of cesarean scar pregnancy. Methods : Fifteen cases with cesarean scar pregnancy performed with uterine artery interventional therapy were retrospectively analyzed from July, 2006 to December, 2007 in our hospital. Results : All cases were treated successfully by uterine artery chemotherapy and embolism. All cases were embolized with gelatin sponge after chemotherapy, and eight with spring ring additionally. Vaginal bleedings were stopped after uterine artery embolization. Gestation sacculi deflated obviously. Serum human chorionic gonadotrophin descended dramatically. There was no severe vaginal bleeding by curettage after interventional therapy. The villi, decidua, or placental tissues were observed with degeneration and necrosis by pathology. Conclusion : Uterine artery chemotherapy and embolization was proved to be a safe and useful procedure for preventing and controlling vaginal bleeding, diminishing the risk of curettage and avoiding the loss of uterus.
Objective To study the effect of myofibroblast on the development of pathological scar. Methods From 1998 to 2000， 14 cases of keloid(k), 13 cases of hypertrophic scar(HS), and 7 cases of scar were studied through immunohistochemistry and electronical microscope. Results Myofibroblasts were often observed in the hypertrophic HS by electronical microscope, but no myofibroblast was observed in the K and NS. αSMactin was expressed in fibroblast of HS, but was not expressed in K and NS. Conclusion Myofibroblast may play a role in the development of hypertrophic scar. The difference between the absence of myofibroblast in keloid and the invasion of keloid deserves further study.
ObjectiveTo evaluate an modified epicanthoplasty which can reduce epicanthic scar in blepharoplasty with mild to moderate epicanthus, by using upper eyelid rotation flap via blepharoplasty incision.MethodsA clinical data of 34 patients with mild and moderate epicanthus (trial group), who were treated with blepharoplasty and epicanthoplasty by using upper eyelid rotation flap, between July 2016 and October 2017, was retrospectively analyzed. And 38 patients who were treated with blepharoplasty and epicanthoplasty by using traditional " Z” plastic method were recruited as control group. There was no significant difference in age and degree of epicanthus between 2 groups (P>0.05). The lengths of palpebral fissure were measured at preoperation and at 6 days and 6 months after operation, and the length difference between pre- and post-operation was calculated to evaluate the improvement degree. The effectiveness was evaluated with reference to the scale of epicanthus orthopedics.ResultsAll incisions of 2 groups healed by first intention, and all patients were followed up 6 months. The epicanthi of 2 groups were significantly corrected. The inner canthus of trial group had no incision; and there were scars at inner canthus of control group, with obvious hyperplasia in 6 cases. The improvement degree of the length of palpebral fissure in trial group and control group were 3.63%±0.07%, 3.70%±0.05% and 4.64%±0.09%, 4.46%±0.10% at 6 days and 6 months after operation, respectively. There was no significant difference between 2 groups (t=0.005, P=0.996; t=0.287, P=0.871). The effectiveness was excellent in 20 cases, good in 12 cases, and poor in 2 cases in trial group, with an excellent and good rate of 94.12%; meanwhile, the effectiveness was excellent in 16 cases, good in 16 cases, and poor in 6 cases in control group, with an excellent and good rate of 84.21%. There was no significant difference between 2 groups (χ2=0.796, P=0.372).ConclusionThe modified epicanthoplasty by using upper eyelid rotation flap via blepharoplasty incision can significantly reduce epicanthic scar with simple operation and satisfactory effectiveness.
Objective To evaluate the cl inical effect and the pathological characteristics of acellular allogeneic dermal matrix in repairing unstable burn scar. Methods From January 2007 to June 2008, 19 cases of unstable burn scars (24 parts) were treated, including 16 males (20 parts) and 3 females (4 parts) with a median age of 27 years (range, 3-58 years). Theinjury was caused by flame (14 cases, 18 parts), electricity (4 cases, 5 parts), and hot water (1 case, 1 part). The unstable burn scars located on hands (8 cases), forearms (2 cases), thighs (3 cases), legs (2 cases), feet (2 cases), chest (1 case), and abdomen (1 case). Scar formed for 3 months to 1 year. The area of defect varied from 7 cm × 5 cm to 22 cm × 15 cm after scar removal. Defects were covered with acellular allogeneic dermal matrix and autogenous spl it-thickness skin graft. At 6-18 months after operation, the pathological observations of the epidermis, the basal membrane, and structural components of the dermis were done. Results All wounds healed by first intention. Scar ulcer disappeared completely in 18 cases and the composite skin grafts all survived. Some bl isters occurred in 1 case and were cured after dressing changing. All patients were followed up 10 months to 2 years (18 months on average). The grafted-skin was excellent in the appearance, texture, and elasticity. The function recovered well. Only superficial scar was observed at skin donor sites. Pathological observation showed that the epidermis and the basal membrane of the skin grafts were similar to that of normal skin, and no significant difference was found in newly capillaries between them. Collagen fibers arranged regularly, and there were few inflammatory cells in the matrix. Conclusion Acellular allogeneic dermal matrix with autogenous spl it-thickness skin graft may effectivly repair the wound after removing the unstable burn scar, and its structure is similar to that of normal skin.
Objective To explore the change of gene expression of stress activated protein kinase (SAPK) and its upstream signalregulated molecule ——mitogen activated protein kinases(MAPKs) (MKK4 and MKK7) in hypertrophic scar and autocontrol normal skin. Methods The total RNA was isolated from 8 hypertrophic scars and 8 auto-control skin, and then mRNA was purified. The gene expressions of MKK4, MKK7 and SAPK were examined with reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction(RT-PCR) method. Results In hypertrophic scar, both MKK7 and SAPK genes weakly expressed. In auto-control skin, the expression of these 2 genes was significantly elevated in comparison with hypertrophic scar (Plt;0.01). The expression levelsof these 2 genes were 1.5 times and 2.6 times as long as those of hypertrophic scar, respectively. Gene expression of MKK4 had no significant difference between autocontrol skin and hypertrophic scar (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Decreased gene expression of MKK7 and SAPK which results in reducing cell apoptosis might be one of the mechanisms for controlling the formation of hypertrophic scar.
