Objective To analyze the current research application status and hotspots of nanoparticles in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and predict the future development trend. MethodsThe Web of Science database was searched for literatures on nanoparticles use in the treatment of NSCLC from inception to November 2022. CiteSpace, VOSviewer and literature measurement analysis online platform (https://bibliometric.com/) were used for the visual analysis of the number of documents, source journals, authors, organizations, countries and keywords. ResultsA total of 742 English literatures were included. The results showed that the number of published literatures increased year by year from 2011 and reached the peak in 2020. Researches on nanoparticles and NSCLC treatment were mainly concentrated in China, the United States, India and Japan. China is a major research country in this field, but it lacked cooperation with other countries and related institutions. Among numerous research institutions, the Chinese Academy of Sciences was the authoritative and backbone force in this research field, with the number of published literatures ranking first and the research achievements outstanding. The keyword analysis found that "poly lactic-co-glycolic acid nanoparticles (PLGA NPs)" and "photothermal therapy" had become the latest breakout words since 2018. Moreover, the occurrence frequency of related keywords such as "drug delivery" increased significantly, indicating that the application of PLGA NPs in photothermal therapy might be the current research hotspot and future development trend of NSCLC treatment. ConclusionCurrently, the domestic research on the treatment of nanoparticles and NSCLC is in a leading position in the world. The organic combination of nanoparticles with different materials and other NSCLC therapies is expected to improve the prognosis of NSCLC patients. In the future, attempts to develop nanoparticles with different sources and structures and combined with photothermal therapy for the treatment of NSCLC may become a research hotspot of nanoparticles in the treatment of NSCLC.
ObjectiveTo provide method references for data visualization of multiple linear regression analysis.MethodsAfter importing data to R Studio, this paper conducted general descriptive statistics analysis, then constructed a linear model between independent variables and the target. After checking independence of observations, the normality of the target, and the linearity between variables, this paper estimated coefficients of independent variables, dealt with multicollinearity, tested significance of estimates and performed residual analysis to guarantee that the regression met its assumptions, and eventually used the fitted model for prediction.ResultsThe multiple linear regression analysis implemented by R Studio software had better visualization functions and easier operation than traditional R language software.ConclusionsR Studio software has good application value in realizing multiple linear regression analysis data visualization.
ObjectiveTo explore the application value of multidisciplinary collaborative team (MDT) model in retroperitoneal tumors involving large vessels.MethodsThree cases of retroperitoneal tumors involving great vessels admitted to Xiang’an Hospital of Xiamen University in 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. With the support of 3D visual reconstruction and virtual reality (VR) technology, we performed MDT discussion and three cases received treatment of surgery, intervention, and targeted therapy.ResultsCase 1 was discussed by MDT and concluded that, based on CT examination, 3D reconstruction, and VR virtual image results, the tumor on the right side was determined to be completely resectable. The left tumor was judged to be unresectable, and the proposed treatment plan was right metastatic tumor resection + left metastatic tumor radiofrequency ablation. After surgery case 1 had been followed up for 6 months. The symptoms of diarrhea were significantly improved. CT reexamination showed that liver lesions and left retroperitoneal lesions were the same size and the condition was stable. After discussion by MDT, radiofrequency ablation around the tumor was proposed for case 2. This case was followed up for 3 months after surgery, and CT reexamination showed no new lesion in retroperitoneum. After MDT discussion, we concluded that arteriovenous fistula of case 3 had no indications for surgery, and proposed interventional combined with targeted therapy. After treatment, the tumor was found to be smaller after reexamination in 8 months than before treatment, and the efficacy was evaluated as partial remission. The follow-up was continued.ConclusionThe future development trend of retroperitoneal tumor therapy involving great vessels is to evaluate each patient’s condition under the MDT mode by using 3D visual reconstruction and VR technology, and to formulate the individualized treatment plan of operation combined with other treatments.
Objective To investigate the current status of esophageal cancer surgery-related researches using bibliometric methodologies and identify the trend and hotspots. Methods The Chinese and English literature was collected from Web of Science and CNKI from inception of each database to April 1, 2022. VOSviewer 1.6.18 and CiteSpace 6.1 were applied to cluster the authors, institutions, and keywords. For social network and time series analysis, Excel, GraphPad, and R 4.0.3 were used to visualize the literature on esophageal cancer surgery. Results Finally, 19 566 English literature and 19 872 Chinese literature was included. The results demonstrated that the annual publishing of both Chinese and English literature increased over time, with English literature increasing rapidly and Chinese literature maintaining an average number of above 1 000 per year from 2011 to 2019. Researches were predominantly centered in Europe, the United States, Japan, South Korea, and China. China's researches in the field of surgical treatment in esophageal cancer lacked international collaboration, which began later than East Asian countries such as Japan and South Korea and had less influence. From the keyword perspective, previous researches on surgical treatment of esophageal cancer mostly focused on surgical techniques, complications, and comprehensive perioperative therapy. Both Chinese and English literature showed that the prevalence of keywords such as minimally invasive surgery, comprehensive treatment, and clinical trials increased dramatically during the recent years, indicating that these fields may represent the future directions and research trends. Conclusion Compared to East Asia countries, such as Japan and South Korea, Chinese esophageal cancer surgery-related researches are relatively lacking. The research direction and field are similar to those in developed countries such as the United States and Europe. Future attention may be focused on minimally invasive treatment, comprehensive treatment, and clinical trials associated with surgical treatment of esophageal cancer.
ObjectivesTo systematically review the incidence of various outcomes in non-visualization of the fetal gallbladder (NVFGB) fetuses by prenatal ultrasonography.MethodsPubMed, The Cochrane Library, Elsevier, ClinicalKey, CBM, CNKI and WanFang Data databases were electronically searched to collect studies on NVFGB fetuses by prenatal ultrasonography from January 1990 to March 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed by using R 3.5.2 software.ResultsA total of 9 studies were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: the incidence of fetal biliary atresia was 1.0%, with 2.0% in the isolated and 3.0% in the non-isolated. The incidence of cystic fibrosis was 6.0%, with 2.0% in the isolated and 9.0% in the non-isolated. The incidence of chromosomal abnormality was 5.0%, and 31.0% in non-isolated. The incidence of other malformations other than those described above was 13.0%, with 44.0% in the non-isolated. The incidence of gallbladder agenesis or absent gallbladder was 22.0%, with 28.0% in the isolated. The incidence of later visualization of gallbladder and normal fetal outcomes was 53.0%, with 63.0% in the isolated.ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that most non-visualization of the fetal gallbladder can identify the presence of gallbladder during late gestation or neonatal ultrasonography. The exactly isolated non-visualization of the fetal gallbladder is highly related to the fetal gallbladder agenesis or the absence of the gallbladder. The non-isolated non-visualization of the fetal gallbladder is highly related to biliary atresia, cystic fibrosis (particularly in the presence of fetal bowel echogenicity), and chromosomal abnormalities (especially chromosome aneuploidy).
Objective Based on evidence-based medicine systematic research and literature analysis methods, to make a quantitative and qualitative analysis on Chinese and No-Chinese literatures with subject of Medical Ethics. Concise and analyze the law and trends of subject development, to provide baseline data and decision-making reference for the relevant decision-making and follow-up study. Method We analyzed keywords in medical ethics articles in PubMed and CNKI database, and developed subject charts, research field relationship charts, and strategy coordination charts using word co-occurrence, PFNET algorithms, and visualization methods. Result Literatures collected from PubMed is six times than that from CNKI. Medical ethics research in China, starting later than abroad almost 35 years, is still at the preliminary stage of development. Eight matured research fields are formed as Morals, Ethical review, Physician-Patient relations, clinical trial, euthanasia, medical ethics education, clinical ethics, and health policy outside of China. Comparatively, in China there are only five fields are developed such as Morals, Physician-Patient relations, medical ethics education, bioethics, and medical research. Conclusion Foreign countries more focus on how to employ medical ethics to solve new problems occurred in clinics and medical research, with morals, ethical review, and Physician-Patient relations as the center of research net. Researchers in China pay more attentions on morals and education with morals as the only research net center. So an urgent need is called to make a transition from simply moral research into applied research stressing on both moral education and ethic review.
Objective To verify the feasibility and accuracy of the "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks", developed by our center, in identifying intersegmental planes during pulmonary segmentectomy. MethodsWe prospectively enrolled the patients who planned to receive thoracoscopic segmentectomy in West China Hospital of Sichuan University and The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu from September 2021 to October 2021. We took a relatively objective and feasible method, intravenous injection of indocyanine green, in identifying intersegmental planes as standard control. We intraoperatively judged the consistency between "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks" and intravenous injection of indocyanine green in identifying intersegmental planes. We discerned main landmarks of intersegmental plane by the constant proportion segment module, which was built based on the "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks", as well as distinguished the planes with discrepant fluorescence by peripheral intravenous indocyanine green injection. When the distance between the landmarks determined by the "ung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks" and the segmental boundaries displayed by indocyanine green fluorescence staining was ≤1 cm, the landmarks were judged to be consistent with the planes with discrepant fluorescence. As long as one of the landmarks was judged to be consistent, the method was considered to be feasible and accurate. Results A total of 21 patients who underwent thoracoscopic segmentectomy were enrolled, with 5 male and 16 female patients. The median age was 55 years, ranging from 34 to 76 years. A total of 11 patients received left-side surgery, while 10 patients received right-side surgery. In the operations of 21 pulmonary segmentectomies, at least one intersegmental landmark determined by the "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks" was consistent with the intersegmental plane determined by indocyanine green fluorescence staining in each patient. ConclusionThe intersegmental landmarks determined by the "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks" are consistent with that determined by indocyanine green fluorescence staining. The method of "lung surface intersegmental constant proportion landmarks" is feasible and accurate in identifying intersegmental planes during pulmonary segmentectomy.
Objective To analyze the research progress and current situation in the field of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure by bibliometrics, so as to provide scientific and efficient research path for researchers. Methods All the literature on chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure from 2015 to 2024 was retrieved from the Web of Science Core Collection. CiteSpace and VOSviewer software were used to conduct bibliometric analyses of authors, institutions, keywords, co-cited documents, etc., and to draw the relational graphs. Results A total of 567 papers were included. The annual research output increased slightly, and the number of papers published by Chinese researchers ranked first. The 49 selected keywords were divided into 11 clusters, and the emerging keywords showed that the research hotspots in recent years focused on more in-depth mechanism studies, such as primary ovarian insufficiency and fertility preservation in premenopausal patients, which might continue to be research hotspots. Conclusions In recent years, the research heat of chemotherapy-induced premature ovarian failure has been increasing, and Chinese scholars have made outstanding contributions, however, it is necessary to further strengthen the scientific research cooperation among researchers. Fertility preservation, hormone replacement therapy, in vitro transplantation may become the hotspots of future research, and the depth and refinement of research should be further promoted on the basis of multi-center and multi-disciplinary cross.
Objective To evaluate the efficacy and safety of perioperative comprehensive management in non- small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Clinical studies about effect of different perioperative comprehensive management on patients with early NSCLC combined with COPD were searched from PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CBM, CNKI and WanFang databases from inception to November 1st, 2017. Two researchers independently screened literature, extracted data and evaluated the risk of bias of included studies, and then meta-analysis was conducted by RevMan 5.3 and Stata 14.0 softwares. Results A total of 20 articles were identified including 1 079 patients. The results of meta-analysis showed that perioperative comprehensive management improved the forced vital capacity (FVC), maximum minute ventilation (MVV), predictive value of postoperative one-second rate (ppoFEV1%), carbon monoxide diffusing capacity (DLCO) and percent forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1%) (MD=–0.47, 95%CI –0.62 to –0.32, P<0.000 01; MD=–0.17, 95%CI –0.22 to –0.11, P<0.000 01; MD=–4.24, 95%CI –5.37 to –3.11, P<0.000 01; MD=–7.54, 95%CI –8.33 to –6.76, P<0.000 01; MD=–1.33, 95%CI –2.16 to –0.50, P=0.002; MD=–6.93, 95%CI –9.45 to –4.41, P<0.000 1, respectively). However, there was no significant difference in the rate of DLCO (DLCO%) and ventilation at maximal workload (VEmax) between pre- and post-management (MD=–2.91, 95%CI –11.31 to 5.50, P=0.5; MD= 0.18, 95%CI –2.23 to 2.58, P=0.89, respectively). With regard to cardiac function, perioperative comprehensive management improved the maximal oxygen consumption (VO2max), 6-minute walk distance (6MWD) and anaerobic threshold (AT) (MD=–2.28, 95%CI –3.41 to –1.15, P<0.000 1; MD=–57.77, 95%CI –77.90 to –37.64, P<0.000 1; MD=–2.71, 95%CI –3.30 to –2.12, P<0.000 1, respectively). As to complications, compared with conventional treatment group, perioperative comprehensive management group had fewer postoperative short-term complications (OR=0.39, 95%CI 0.26 to 0.58, P<0.000 01). Besides, perioperative comprehensive management also shortened hospital stay (MD=–2.38, 95%CI –3.86 to –0.89, P=0.002). Conclusion Perioperative comprehensive management can significantly improve lung function in patients with NSCLC combined with COPD, reduce short-term postoperative pulmonary complications and shorten the hospital stay with good efficacy and safety.
Three-dimensional (3D) visualization technology can well characterize lung nodules, accurately locate lung nodules, accurately identify lung anatomical structures, shorten operation time, reduce intraoperative and postoperative complications, and make thoracoscopic precise lung resection safer and more efficient. However, the mastery of 3D reconstruction technology in some hospitals still needs to be improved. Due to the time and economic cost of 3D printing, the development of this technology is restricted. With the application and improvement of 3D visualization technology in more centers in the future, the development of precise lung resection will be more extensive. This article reviewed the progress on 3D visualization technology in thoracoscopic precise lung resection.
