Methods of animal experiment ethics training at home and abroad: an evidence-based analysis and summary_West China Medical Journal

Authors：

LIAO Guangneng ^1,2 , CHEN Zhengju ^1,3 , CHEN Lei ⁴ ,  YANG Guang ²

1. Department of Radiology and Huaxi MR Research Center (HMRRC), West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
2. Animal Experimental Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
3. Science and Technology Department, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;
4. Department of Clinical Research Management, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, P. R. China;

Corresponding?author：

YANG Guang, Email: yangguang@wchscu.cn

Keywords：

Animal experiment; ethics training; training method; animal welfare; animal ethics

DOI：

10.7507/1002-0179.202205057

Video：

Export PDF Favorites Scan Get Citation

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Objective To summarize the methods and experience of animal experiment ethics training at home and abroad, analyze the opportunities and problems, and explore the ethics training methods suitable for the current situation of animal experiments in China. Methods Documents relating to animal experiment ethics training from January 2012 to February 2022 were searched in PubMed, Embase, China National Knowledge Infrastructure and Wanfang Data databases. After literature screening and data extraction by 2 researchers independently, descriptive analysis was performed. Results A total of 44 documents were selected, including 19 in Chinese and 25 in English, involving 44 institutions. According to the literature analysis, in the United States, Britain and other developed countries, the welfare and ethical laws for laboratory animals were relatively perfect, such as the Animal Welfare Act of the United States, the Animals (Scientific Procedures) Act of Britain, the Animal Welfare Act of German, and the Act on Welfare and Management of Animals of Japan, while in China administrative regulations were the main ones, and most of the institutions were restricted by management regulations; the ethics of personnel involved in animal experiments were uneven; the training time of some domestic institutions was less than that of institutions abroad; domestic training methods and contents needed to be improved. Basing on the comparative results at home and abroad and combining the training experience, West China Hospital of Sichuan University improved the animal experiment ethics training system. Conclusion It is suggested that the animal experimental institutions in China should improve the training methods, to enhance the awareness and cognition of people involved in animal experiments more systematically and scientifically, and strengthen the ethical review.

Citation： LIAO Guangneng, CHEN Zhengju, CHEN Lei, YANG Guang. Methods of animal experiment ethics training at home and abroad: an evidence-based analysis and summary. West China Medical Journal, 2023, 38(9): 1373-1379. doi: 10.7507/1002-0179.202205057 Copy

1.	Kim JN, Choi EH, Kim SK. The perception of animal experimentation ethics among Indian teenage school pupils. Altern Lab Anim, 2017, 45(1): 27-35.
2.	時瀚, 高原, 焦靜軒. PDCA 循環法在臨床研究的倫理初始審查工作中的應用. 中華醫學科研管理雜志, 2021, 34(2): 106-111.
3.	焦海濤, 龐建會, 潘靜, 等. 醫學生實驗動物倫理教育現狀調查. 承德醫學院學報, 2021, 38(4): 354-357.
4.	余飛, 錢麗萍, 沙莉莉. 醫院科研工作中開展實驗動物福利倫理教育的探索. 實驗動物與比較醫學, 2021, 41(2): 166-168, 180.
5.	郭昊. 醫學研究實驗動物倫理和福利狀況調查—以藥學和中藥學期刊載文分析為例. 醫學與哲學, 2020, 41(4): 24-27, 34.
6.	洪雪, 王筱宏, 梁力均, 等. 臨床研究者倫理審查知識培訓需求調查分析及對策. 中華醫學科研管理雜志, 2016, 29(5): 332-334, 341.
7.	Pamies D, Leist M, Coecke S, et al. Good Cell and Tissue Culture Practice 2.0 (GCCP 2.0): draft for stakeholder discussion and call for action. ALTEX, 2020, 37(3): 490-492.
8.	Robinson NB, Krieger K, Khan FM, et al. The current state of animal models in research: a review. Int J Surg, 2019, 72: 9-13.
9.	Royal K. Robust (and ethical) educational research designs. J Vet Med Educ, 2018, 45(1): 11-15.
10.	Maria Garcia RC, Jukes N, Bones V, et al. Brazil starts to ban animal use in higher education: a positive and progressive development. Altern Lab Anim, 2018, 46(4): 235-239.
11.	Iki Y, Ito T, Kudo K, et al. Animal ethics and welfare education in wet-lab training can foster residents’ ethical values toward life. Exp Anim, 2017, 66(4): 313-320.
12.	Baldelli I, Massaro A, Penco S, et al. Conscientious objection to animal experimentation in Italian universities. Animals (Basel), 2017, 7(3): 24.
13.	Vemulapalli TH, Donkin SS, Lescun TB, et al. Considerations when writing and reviewing a higher education teaching protocol involving animals. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci, 2017, 56(5): 500-508.
14.	Trignano E, Fallico N, Zingone G, et al. Microsurgical training with the three-step approach. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2017, 33(2): 87-91.
15.	Nagy AL, Oros NA, Farcal L, et al. 3Rs in education. ALTEX, 2016, 33(2): 185-186.
16.	Avey MT, Griffin G. Pedagogical merit review of animal use for education in Canada. PLoS One, 2016, 11(6): e0158002.
17.	Macharia Theuri S, Ngonyo J, Wangari Kagai M. Alternatives to the use of animals in research, education and testing. ALTEX, 2016, 33(2): 183-185.
18.	Pratap K, Singh VP. A training course on laboratory animal science: an initiative to implement the Three Rs of animal research in India. Altern Lab Anim, 2016, 44(1): 21-41.
19.	Mendes C, Pulkrabek D, Kennedy BW. Compliance training within an institution, but not for direct users. Lab Anim (NY), 2016, 45(11): 435.
20.	Bachinski R, Tréz T, Alves GG, et al. Humane education in Brazil: organisation, challenges and opportunities. Altern Lab Anim, 2015, 43(5): 337-344.
21.	Franco NH, Olsson IA. Scientists and the 3Rs: attitudes to animal use in biomedical research and the effect of mandatory training in laboratory animal science. Lab Anim, 2014, 48(1): 50-60.
22.	Jukes N. Ethical animal use in education and training: from clinical rotations to ethically sourced cadavers. Altern Lab Anim, 2014, 42(1): 9-12.
23.	Shehnaz SI, Agarwal AK. Animal ethics training for postgraduates in medical schools in India: catch them young!. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(1): 2-4.
24.	Aldavood SJ, Fard RM, Naderynezhad F. Laboratory animal ethics course planning in Iran. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(4): 40-41.
25.	Mohr B. The current status of laboratory animal ethics in South Africa. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(4): 48-51.
26.	Choe BI, Lee GH, Braunschweiger PG, et al. Progress in promoting the Three Rs in Korea: efficiency and consistency. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(2): 191-194.
27.	Choe BI, Lee GH. Searching and review on the Three Rs information in Korea: time for quality assessment and continued education. BMB Rep, 2013, 46(7): 335-337.
28.	Seth M, Saguti F. Animal research ethics in Africa: is Tanzania making progress?. Dev World Bioeth, 2013, 13(3): 158-162.
29.	Madden JC, Hewitt M, Przybylak K, et al. Strategies for the optimisation of in vivo experiments in accordance with the 3Rs philosophy. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2012, 63(1): 140-154.
30.	Weiss Convenor J, Bukelskiene V, Chambrier P, et al. FELASA recommendations for the education and training of laboratory animal technicians: category A: report of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations Working Group on Education of Animal Technicians (Category A) accepted by the FELASA Board of Management. Lab Anim, 2010, 44(3): 163-169.
31.	干仲元, 蔣嘉燁, 丁巖, 等. 醫學生生命觀教育探索—從實驗動物倫理教育入手. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2021, 29(4): 23-25.
32.	丁巖, 干仲元, 王慧雯, 等. 醫學倫理教育在醫學實驗教學中的實踐與評價. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2020, 28(5): 17-20.
33.	高晴, 戚曉紅, 袁藝標. 醫學實驗教學中動物倫理觀教育的思考. 教育教學論壇, 2020(20): 13-14.
34.	黃術兵. 中西實驗動物倫理和福利發展比較研究. 醫學與哲學, 2020, 41(17): 33-38.
35.	張瓊, 郭果毅, 劉婷, 等. 藥理學教學中動物實驗倫理教育的思考. 智慧健康, 2019, 5(2): 39-40, 48.
36.	李驄, 張彩華, 王麗, 等. 醫學實驗動物福利倫理現狀與虛擬實驗. 教育教學論壇, 2019(48): 273-274.
37.	高建峰, 湯宏斌, 楊四軍, 等. 醫學生實驗動物福利與倫理實踐教學的思考. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2018, 28(11): 115-118.
38.	張鈺, 梁力均, 張純. 在精準醫學背景下, 完善我國動物實驗質量與福利倫理評價體系建設. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2017, 27(11): 95-99.
39.	余飛, 錢麗萍, 沙莉莉. 做好醫院實驗動物福利保障工作的初步探討. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2017, 27(11): 87-90, 94.
40.	鄭亞楠, 常欣峰, 李奕慧. 醫學生對實驗動物倫理知曉情況的調查. 醫學與哲學, 2016, 37(15): 31-33.
41.	王巍, 董園園, 王丹, 等. 醫學生機能學實驗中動物倫理教育的思考. 中國醫學倫理學, 2016, 29(2): 301-303.
42.	彭博雅. 醫學院校動物實驗和人體解剖倫理問題的分析與思考. 中國病案, 2016, 17(11): 82-83.
43.	陳苑, 金盈盈, 吳安植, 等. 醫院實驗動物福利倫理狀況調查及分析. 醫院管理論壇, 2014(6): 55-57.
44.	莊文欣, 劉宗昱, 付文玉, 等. 醫學院校實驗動物倫理學問題的思考. 西北醫學教育, 2014(2): 329-332.
45.	宋宇, 張慧, 牛秉軒, 等. 醫藥院校增強實驗動物倫理教育的調查與思考. 海峽藥學, 2014(7): 159-161.
46.	潘麗, 涂臘根, 江婉明, 等. 醫護學生在動物實驗中的倫理意識調查和分析. 中國醫學倫理學, 2013, 26(1): 38-40.
47.	唐偉華, 王國騫. 英美國家科學基金動物倫理法律制度及啟示. 中國基礎科學, 2017, 19(1): 52-55, 58.

1. Kim JN, Choi EH, Kim SK. The perception of animal experimentation ethics among Indian teenage school pupils. Altern Lab Anim, 2017, 45(1): 27-35.
2. 時瀚, 高原, 焦靜軒. PDCA 循環法在臨床研究的倫理初始審查工作中的應用. 中華醫學科研管理雜志, 2021, 34(2): 106-111.
3. 焦海濤, 龐建會, 潘靜, 等. 醫學生實驗動物倫理教育現狀調查. 承德醫學院學報, 2021, 38(4): 354-357.
4. 余飛, 錢麗萍, 沙莉莉. 醫院科研工作中開展實驗動物福利倫理教育的探索. 實驗動物與比較醫學, 2021, 41(2): 166-168, 180.
5. 郭昊. 醫學研究實驗動物倫理和福利狀況調查—以藥學和中藥學期刊載文分析為例. 醫學與哲學, 2020, 41(4): 24-27, 34.
6. 洪雪, 王筱宏, 梁力均, 等. 臨床研究者倫理審查知識培訓需求調查分析及對策. 中華醫學科研管理雜志, 2016, 29(5): 332-334, 341.
7. Pamies D, Leist M, Coecke S, et al. Good Cell and Tissue Culture Practice 2.0 (GCCP 2.0): draft for stakeholder discussion and call for action. ALTEX, 2020, 37(3): 490-492.
8. Robinson NB, Krieger K, Khan FM, et al. The current state of animal models in research: a review. Int J Surg, 2019, 72: 9-13.
9. Royal K. Robust (and ethical) educational research designs. J Vet Med Educ, 2018, 45(1): 11-15.
10. Maria Garcia RC, Jukes N, Bones V, et al. Brazil starts to ban animal use in higher education: a positive and progressive development. Altern Lab Anim, 2018, 46(4): 235-239.
11. Iki Y, Ito T, Kudo K, et al. Animal ethics and welfare education in wet-lab training can foster residents’ ethical values toward life. Exp Anim, 2017, 66(4): 313-320.
12. Baldelli I, Massaro A, Penco S, et al. Conscientious objection to animal experimentation in Italian universities. Animals (Basel), 2017, 7(3): 24.
13. Vemulapalli TH, Donkin SS, Lescun TB, et al. Considerations when writing and reviewing a higher education teaching protocol involving animals. J Am Assoc Lab Anim Sci, 2017, 56(5): 500-508.
14. Trignano E, Fallico N, Zingone G, et al. Microsurgical training with the three-step approach. J Reconstr Microsurg, 2017, 33(2): 87-91.
15. Nagy AL, Oros NA, Farcal L, et al. 3Rs in education. ALTEX, 2016, 33(2): 185-186.
16. Avey MT, Griffin G. Pedagogical merit review of animal use for education in Canada. PLoS One, 2016, 11(6): e0158002.
17. Macharia Theuri S, Ngonyo J, Wangari Kagai M. Alternatives to the use of animals in research, education and testing. ALTEX, 2016, 33(2): 183-185.
18. Pratap K, Singh VP. A training course on laboratory animal science: an initiative to implement the Three Rs of animal research in India. Altern Lab Anim, 2016, 44(1): 21-41.
19. Mendes C, Pulkrabek D, Kennedy BW. Compliance training within an institution, but not for direct users. Lab Anim (NY), 2016, 45(11): 435.
20. Bachinski R, Tréz T, Alves GG, et al. Humane education in Brazil: organisation, challenges and opportunities. Altern Lab Anim, 2015, 43(5): 337-344.
21. Franco NH, Olsson IA. Scientists and the 3Rs: attitudes to animal use in biomedical research and the effect of mandatory training in laboratory animal science. Lab Anim, 2014, 48(1): 50-60.
22. Jukes N. Ethical animal use in education and training: from clinical rotations to ethically sourced cadavers. Altern Lab Anim, 2014, 42(1): 9-12.
23. Shehnaz SI, Agarwal AK. Animal ethics training for postgraduates in medical schools in India: catch them young!. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(1): 2-4.
24. Aldavood SJ, Fard RM, Naderynezhad F. Laboratory animal ethics course planning in Iran. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(4): 40-41.
25. Mohr B. The current status of laboratory animal ethics in South Africa. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(4): 48-51.
26. Choe BI, Lee GH, Braunschweiger PG, et al. Progress in promoting the Three Rs in Korea: efficiency and consistency. Altern Lab Anim, 2013, 41(2): 191-194.
27. Choe BI, Lee GH. Searching and review on the Three Rs information in Korea: time for quality assessment and continued education. BMB Rep, 2013, 46(7): 335-337.
28. Seth M, Saguti F. Animal research ethics in Africa: is Tanzania making progress?. Dev World Bioeth, 2013, 13(3): 158-162.
29. Madden JC, Hewitt M, Przybylak K, et al. Strategies for the optimisation of in vivo experiments in accordance with the 3Rs philosophy. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol, 2012, 63(1): 140-154.
30. Weiss Convenor J, Bukelskiene V, Chambrier P, et al. FELASA recommendations for the education and training of laboratory animal technicians: category A: report of the Federation of European Laboratory Animal Science Associations Working Group on Education of Animal Technicians (Category A) accepted by the FELASA Board of Management. Lab Anim, 2010, 44(3): 163-169.
31. 干仲元, 蔣嘉燁, 丁巖, 等. 醫學生生命觀教育探索—從實驗動物倫理教育入手. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2021, 29(4): 23-25.
32. 丁巖, 干仲元, 王慧雯, 等. 醫學倫理教育在醫學實驗教學中的實踐與評價. 中醫藥管理雜志, 2020, 28(5): 17-20.
33. 高晴, 戚曉紅, 袁藝標. 醫學實驗教學中動物倫理觀教育的思考. 教育教學論壇, 2020(20): 13-14.
34. 黃術兵. 中西實驗動物倫理和福利發展比較研究. 醫學與哲學, 2020, 41(17): 33-38.
35. 張瓊, 郭果毅, 劉婷, 等. 藥理學教學中動物實驗倫理教育的思考. 智慧健康, 2019, 5(2): 39-40, 48.
36. 李驄, 張彩華, 王麗, 等. 醫學實驗動物福利倫理現狀與虛擬實驗. 教育教學論壇, 2019(48): 273-274.
37. 高建峰, 湯宏斌, 楊四軍, 等. 醫學生實驗動物福利與倫理實踐教學的思考. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2018, 28(11): 115-118.
38. 張鈺, 梁力均, 張純. 在精準醫學背景下, 完善我國動物實驗質量與福利倫理評價體系建設. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2017, 27(11): 95-99.
39. 余飛, 錢麗萍, 沙莉莉. 做好醫院實驗動物福利保障工作的初步探討. 中國比較醫學雜志, 2017, 27(11): 87-90, 94.
40. 鄭亞楠, 常欣峰, 李奕慧. 醫學生對實驗動物倫理知曉情況的調查. 醫學與哲學, 2016, 37(15): 31-33.
41. 王巍, 董園園, 王丹, 等. 醫學生機能學實驗中動物倫理教育的思考. 中國醫學倫理學, 2016, 29(2): 301-303.
42. 彭博雅. 醫學院校動物實驗和人體解剖倫理問題的分析與思考. 中國病案, 2016, 17(11): 82-83.
43. 陳苑, 金盈盈, 吳安植, 等. 醫院實驗動物福利倫理狀況調查及分析. 醫院管理論壇, 2014(6): 55-57.
44. 莊文欣, 劉宗昱, 付文玉, 等. 醫學院校實驗動物倫理學問題的思考. 西北醫學教育, 2014(2): 329-332.
45. 宋宇, 張慧, 牛秉軒, 等. 醫藥院校增強實驗動物倫理教育的調查與思考. 海峽藥學, 2014(7): 159-161.
46. 潘麗, 涂臘根, 江婉明, 等. 醫護學生在動物實驗中的倫理意識調查和分析. 中國醫學倫理學, 2013, 26(1): 38-40.
47. 唐偉華, 王國騫. 英美國家科學基金動物倫理法律制度及啟示. 中國基礎科學, 2017, 19(1): 52-55, 58.

West China Medical Journal

Methods of animal experiment ethics training at home and abroad: an evidence-based analysis and summary

Abstract Full text Figures/Tables Video References Cited by

Previous Article

Next Article

Format

Content