支氣管擴張癥(簡稱支擴)是一種慢性肺部疾病，特征性地表現為支氣管異常、持久的擴張和破壞，臨床處理困難。雖然支擴的病因多種多樣，但細菌性感染和持續性炎癥是其典型病變，且反復發生，導致病情不斷惡化。臨床表現主要為發熱、咯膿性痰，并常伴有胸痛和咯血。在支擴患者的痰中最常分離培養出的細菌是流感嗜血桿菌、肺炎鏈球菌、金黃色葡萄球菌和銅綠假單胞菌，其中銅綠假單胞菌是病程晚期最常見也是最難處理的感染病原體，往往難以清除，并與病情的加重和惡化密切相關，與其他病原體感染相比可導致更快的肺功能和生活質量的下降[1]。
Citation：
施毅. 霧化吸入抗生素在支氣管擴張癥中的應用. Chinese Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 2007, 6(3): 163-165. doi:
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- 1. Barker AF，Couch L，Fiel TB，et al. Tobramycin solution for inhalation reduces sputum Pseudomonas aeruginosa density in bronchiectasis.Am J Respir Crit Care Med. 2000 Aug;162(2 Pt 1):481-5.
- 2. Couch LA. Treatment With tobramycin solution for inhalation in bronchiectasis patients with Pseudomonas aeruginosa.Chest. 2001 Sep;120(3 Suppl):114S-117S.
- 3. Kuhn RJ. Formulation of aerosolized therapeutics.，2001，120()：94s-98s.
- 4. Campbell PW 3rd, Saiman L. Use of aerosolized antibiotics in patients with cystic fibrosis..Chest，1999，116()：775-788.
- 5. Scheinberg P，Shore E. A pilot study of the safety and efficacy of tobramycin solution for inhalation in patients with severe bronchiectasis..Chest，2005，127：1420-1426.
- 6. Falagas ME，Siempos II，Bliziotis IA，et al. Administration of antibiotics via the respiratory tract for the prevention of ICU-acquired pneumonia: a meta-analysis of comparative trials.Crit Care，2006，10(4)：R123.
