Objective To investigate the protective effects of antitumor necrosis factor-α antibody （TNF-αAb） on lung injury after cardiopulmonary bypass （CPB） and their mechanisms. Methods Forty healthy New Zealand white rabbits，weighting 2.0-2.5 kg，male or female，were randomly divided into 4 groups with 10 rabbits in each group. In groupⅠ，the rabbits received CPB and pulmonary arterial perfusion. In group Ⅱ，the rabbits received CPB and pulmonary arterial perfusion with TNF-αAb. In group Ⅲ，the rabbits received CPB only. In group Ⅳ，the rabbits only received sham surgery. Neutrophils count，TNF-α and malondialdehyde （MDA） concentrations of the blood samples from the left and right atrium as well as oxygenation index were examined before and after CPB in the 4 groups. Pathological and ultrastructural changes of the lung tissues were observed under light and electron microscopes. Lung water content，TNF-α mRNA and apoptoticindex of the lung tissues were measured at different time points. Results Compared with group Ⅳ，after CPB，the rabbitsin group Ⅰ to group Ⅲ showed significantly higher blood levels of neutrophils count，TNF-α and MDA（P＜0.05），higherTNF-α mRNA expression，apoptosis index and water content of the lung tissues （P＜0.05），and significantly lower oxyg-enation index （P＜0.05） as well as considerable pathomorphological changes in the lung tissues. Compared with group Ⅱ，after CPB，the rabbits in groups Ⅰ and Ⅲ had significantly higher blood concentrations of TNF-α （5 minutes after aortic declamping，220.43±16.44 pg/ml vs.185.27±11.78 pg/ml，P＜0.05；249.99±14.09 pg/ml vs.185.27±11.78 pg/ml，P＜0.05），significantly higher apoptosis index （at the time of CPB termination，60.7‰±13.09‰ vs. 37.9‰±7.78‰，P＜0.05；59.6‰±7.74‰ vs. 37.9‰±7.78‰，P＜0.05），significantly higher blood levels of neutrophils count and MDA （P＜0.05），significantly higher TNF-α mRNA expression and water content of the lung tissues （P＜0.05），and significantly loweroxygenation index （P＜0.05） as well as considerable pathomorphological changes in the lung tissues. Compared with groupⅠ，rabbits in group Ⅲ had significantly higher above parameters （P＜0.05） but lower oxygenation index （P＜0.05） only at 30 minutes after the start of CPB. Conclusion Pulmonary artery perfusion with TNF-αAb can significantly attenuate inflammatory lung injury and apoptosis of the lung tissues during CPB.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of vasostomy on apoptosis in the male rat spermatogenic cells after vasoligation. METHODS: Model of vasoligation and vasostomy in male rat was established, and then terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick labelling technique to detect the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells at 4, 8, 12, 16 weeks after vasostomy. RESULTS: The number of apoptotic cells in vasostomy group was significantly lower than that of vasoligation group since 8 weeks after vasostomy(P lt; 0.05). The number of apoptotic cells in 8 and 12 weeks after vasostomy were significantly higher than that in prevasoligation(P lt; 0.05). 16 weeks after vasostomy, the number of apoptotic cells restored to the level same as that in prevasoligation stage. CONCLUSION: Vasostomy can reverse the apoptosis of spermatogenic cells due to vasoligation.
摘要:目的:探討卡配因抑制劑3（MDL28170）對新生大鼠缺氧缺血性腦損傷(HIBD)神經細胞凋亡的影響。方法:建立新生SD大鼠HIBD模型,治療組于缺養缺血后即刻、2 h、4 h腹腔內注射MDL28170,對照組及手術組同時予生理鹽水。缺氧缺血后24 h用免疫組化方法觀察大腦皮質及海馬CA1區Caspase3 蛋白表達、TUNEL法檢測細胞凋亡,觀察組織病理改變并計算海馬神經元死亡數,透射電鏡觀察細胞超微結構。結果:缺氧缺血后24 h缺血側大腦皮質及海馬CA1區Caspase3和TUNEL陽性細胞數較對照組明顯增加,透射電鏡證實有凋亡細胞;MDL28170可減少陽性細胞數量,抑制神經元死亡,差異有顯著性(Plt;0.05)。結論:MDL28170可通過抑制神經凋亡而對新生大鼠HIBD具有一定保護作用。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of (Calpain inhibitor3) MDL28170 on neural apoptosis in a neonatal model of hypoxicischemic brain damage (HIBD). Methods: A neonatal model of HIBD was established, 7dayold SD rats were divided into three groups. The treatment group received MDL28170(ip) at 0 h,2 h,4 h after HI, whereas the other two groups were administered normal saline simultaneously. The expression of caspase3 (by immunohistochemistry), neural apoptosis (by TUNEL) in cortex and hippocampus ipsilateral to the insult were observed 24 h after HI; hippocampal CA1 neural loss and electromicroscopic changes were assessed at the same time. Results: Apoptotic body was observed by electromicroscopy. Caspase3 positive cells and apoptotic cells increased significantly in the ipsilateral cortex and hippocampal CA1 region compared to the control, and MDL28170 reduced the number of positive cells, attenuated CA1 neural loss with significance (Plt;0.05). Conclusion: It is suggested that MDL28170 may protect the brain of neonatal rats after HIBD by suppressing neural apoptosis.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo study the effect of preoperative gastric arterial chemoembolization on apoptosis of lymph node metastasis of gastric cancer. MethodsForty patients with gastric cancer and lymph node metastasis underwent curative resection, among which there were 20 patients who received the preoperative gastric arterial chemoembolization, and they constituted the treatment group. The rest of the patients were included in the control group. The expressions of p53, CD95 and bcl-2 were examined by immunohistochemistry and apoptosis in the lymph node metastasis was examined by in situ terminal transferasemediated dUTP nick end labeling （TUNEL）. ResultsThe expression intensity of p53 and CD95 in lymph node metastasis of treatment group increased more significantly than that of control group, whereas the expression intensity of bcl-2 decreased in treatment group. There was a significantly positive correlation between the expressions of p53 and CD95 and the apoptosis.ConclusionPreoperative gastric arterial chemoembolization may affect the expressions of p53, CD95 and bcl-2 and may induce the apoptosis of lymph node metastasis. It may be helpful to improve the effect of curative resection of gastric cancer.
ObjectiveTo summarize the role of survivin gene in tumor. MethodsThe research status on biological characteristics the role of survivin gene in tumor for gene therapy and clinical application was retrospectively analyzed after related domestic and foreign literatures were reviewed. ResultsSurvivin gene was by far found to be the best powerful apoptosis inhibition gene, which played antiapoptosis role mainly through inhibiting directly the activity of caspase-3 and caspase-7 in the downstream of cascade reaction. Survivin gene promoted tumor cell proliferation and differentiation through speeding up tumor cells transition of G1→S phase and eluding the recognition of tumor cells to the apoptosis in G2/M phase. Survivin gene played important role in the intermediate links of vasiformation through angiogenic factor (VEGF, bFGF, Ang-1, and COX-2). ConclusionSurvivin gene may inhibit the apoptosis, promote the proliferation and differentiation of tumor cells and tumor angiogenesis, suggested that survivin gene has potential to act as a novel tumor marker and become an indicator of malignant tumor.
ObjectiveTo determine if the cryoprotectant solution supplementation with Vitamin C can improve the protective effect of human ovarian tissue cryopreservation by anti-apoptosis.
MethodsHuman ovarian cortical tissues were collected from nine patients treated between March 2012 and April 2013. The cortical tissue pieces obtained from each patient were divided into two groups:control (conventional slow freezing) and trial group (slow freezing supplementation with Vitamin C). The preservation effects in the two groups were compared by histology using light microscope and apoptosis assessed by TUNEL assay.
ResultsThe proportion of morphologically normal primordial follicles in the trial group was higher than that in the control group (P<0.05). The proportion of apoptotic primordial follicles and stromal cells in the trial group was lower than that in the control group (P<0.05).
ConclusionCryoprotectant solutions supplementation with Vitamin C can improve the preservation of primordial follicles and stromal cells. It might be a method worth to try in order to improve the protective effect of human ovarian tissue cryopreservation by inhibiting of apoptosis.
Objective To detect the cell density, apoptotic rate, and the expressions of BNIP3 in nucleus pulposus of degenerative intervertebral disc of rabbits, so as to further understand the mechanism of intervertebral disc degeneration. Methods Thirty male New Zealand white rabbits, aging 3 months and weighing (2.3 ± 0.2) kg, were divided into sham operation group (control group, n=10) and intervertebral disc degeneration model group (experimental group, n=20). Interbertebral disc degeneration models were establ ished by puncture of L3,4, L4,5, and L5,6 intervertebral discs in the experimental group; intervertebral discs were exposed only and then sutured in the control group. The degree of intervertebral disc degeneration was evaluated according to Pfirrmann classification by MRI at 4 and 8 weeks after establ ishing models. Apototic cells were determined by TUNEL and histological methods, and the immunohistochemical staining was performed to detect the expressions of BNIP3 in nucleus pulposus of intervertebral disc. Results MRI examination showed that the signal intensity decreased gradually at 4 and 8 weeks in the experimental group. There wassignificant difference in the degree of intervertebral disc degeneration between at 4 weeks and at 8 weeks in the experimental group (P lt; 0.05). The histological observation and TUNEL test showed that high density of nucleus pulposus cells and only a few apoptotic cells were observed in the control group; at 4 and 8 weeks, the density of nucleus pulposus cells decreased gradually with more apoptotic cells in the experimental group. There were significant differences in the nucleus pulposus cell density and positive rate of TUNEL staining between 2 groups, and between at 4 weeks and at 8 weeks in the experimental group (P lt; 0.05). The expression of BNIP3 of nucleus pulposus was negative in the control group; however, in the experimental group, the positive expression rates of BNIP3 of nucleus pulposus (the gray values) were 13.45% ± 1.16% and 32.00% ± 1.82% (194.32 ± 4.65 and 117.54 ± 2.11) at 4 and 8 weeks respectively, showing significant differences (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion The decrease of cell density in nucleus pulposus is involved in the development of intervertebral disc degeneration. Cell apoptosis is one of reasons in the decrease of nucleus pulposus cell; BNIP3 is involved in nucleus pulposus cell apoptosis in the degenerative intervertebral disc.
Abstract： Stem cell paracrine has been considered as the main mechanism to promote infarcted myocardium regeneration and repair of damaged cardiomyocytes. With further research, secreted frizzled-related protein 2 （Sfrp 2） and stem cell paracrine are closely linked to each other. Sfrp 2 can competitively bind to the specific receptor Fz in Wnt signaling pathway, inhibit Wnt signaling pathway to regulates apoptosis, differentiation, and other life processes of stem cells, and therefore becomes a research hotspot in recent years. This review focuses on the mechanism of Sfrp 2/Wnt signal way in stem cell therapy for myocardial infarction.
Objective To observe the proapoptotic effect ofthe homogenate of different parts of pig’s full thickness dermal wounds on cultured fibroblasts. Methods The tissues were dissected from the wound center and subneoepithelium separately 15 days after homogenization and sterilization, the specimens stored at -70℃. The forth passage of the fibroblasts were cultured for 16 hours in different culture solutions and were grouped into 7 groups: DMEM containing 5% fetal bovine serum as Group Ⅰ, DMEM containing 5% homogenate of tissue from wound center as GroupⅡ, DMEM containing 5% homogenate of tissue from subneoepithelium as Group Ⅲ, the culture solution of Group Ⅱmixed with 10 μg/ml GM6001 in Group Ⅳ, with the culturing medium of Group Ⅲplus 10 μg/ml GM6001 as Group Ⅴ, the culture solution of Group Ⅱ mixed with 10 ng/ml aFGF as Group Ⅵ, and the culture solution of Group Ⅲ mixed with 10 ng/ml aFGF as Group Ⅶ. In all groups except Group Ⅰ, the fibroblasts of the 6 pigs were treated with the homogenate derived from the same animal respectively. After being incubated in Annexin Ⅴ-FITC and PI, cells were analyzed by Flow Cytometry and the rate of apoptotic cells was acquired. The data were analyzed by SPSS 11.0 using Leastsignificant Difference test(LSD). Results The apoptotic rate of the 7 groups were as follows:4.39%±0.41% in Group Ⅰ，10.98%±1.42% in Group Ⅱ，13.47%±1.44% in Group Ⅲ，7.2%±0.46% in Group Ⅳ，12.1%±0.85% in Group Ⅴ，3.9%±0.63% in Group Ⅵ，9.8%±0.50% in Group Ⅶ； there were significant differences between every two groups except Group Ⅰand Group Ⅵ. Conclusion Homogenate of the tissue derived from the subneoepithelium has greater proapoptotic effect than that from the wound center; the proapoptotic effect of homogenate of the tissue both under neoepithelium and in wound center can be significantly alleviated by acid fibroblast growth factor, partly because of MMPs.
