Objective To study the surgical resection and reconstruction methods of mal ignant melanoma on the heel. Methods Between July 2007 and June 2009, 15 cases of mal ignant melanoma on the heel were treated. There were 9 males and 6 females, aged from 32 to 71 years with a mean age of 47.2 years. Of them, 13 patients were initially treated, and 2 patients received repair after local excision. Tumor thickness was from 0.6 mm to 7.2 mm, and the size of the lesion was from 1.3 cm × 0.5 cm to 5.0 cm × 3.5 cm. According to the American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) stage system, there were 1 case of IA, 2 cases of IB, 3 cases of IIA, 5 cases of IIB, 1 case of IIC, and 3 cases of III. Wide excision was performed in all cases. Defects were repaired by medial pedal skin flap (5 cases), lateral pedal skin flap (2 cases), and retrograde skin flap suppl ied by sural nutrition blood vessels (8 cases), and the flap size ranged from 7 cm × 5 cm to 12 cm × 8 cm. Inguinal lymph node dissection was performed in 3 patients. Wounds of donor site were repaired by skin graft. Results One case had marginal necrosis of lateral pedal skin flap and 2 cases had local necrosis of medial pedal skin flap on the skin graft; the other flaps and skin grafts survived and incisions healed by first intention. All patients were followed up from 12 to 36 months (mean, 21 months). Considering the recovery of the function and sense, the best result was acquired in the lateral pedal skin flap, followed by the medial pedal skin flap, and the poor result in the retrograde skin flap suppl ied by sural nutrition blood vessel. No patient had local recurrence at follow-up. Five patients had inguinal lymph node metastasis, and 1 patient died of lung metastasis. Conclusion Wide resection can provide satisfactory local control for mal ignant melanoma on the heel. Local flap can cover the wound safely, but the retrograde skin flap suppl ied by sural nutrition blood vessel has poor sensory recovery.
Objective To introduce the experience and comprehensionto reconstruct nasal defect after tumor excision. Methods FromApril 1996 to April 2006, based on the aesthetic subunit principle and according to the size, shape, location of nasal defect and the conditions of surrounding skin, homologous local flap was selected to cover the nasal defect in 428 cases which nasal tumors were removed. Among 428 cases, there were 273 men and 155 women, with a median age of 52 years (12-78 years); including 146 cases of basal cell carcinoma, 83 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 54 cases of epidermal cyst, and 145 cases of pigmented naevus.The clinical stage of malignant tumor was 0-Ⅰstage, the course of disease was 1 week to 3 months. The locations were nasal tip in 51 cases, nasal ala in 102 cases, dorsum of nose in 138 cases, and nasal side in 137 cases, across 2 nasal subunits in 83 cases. The area of thedefect ranged between 0.6 cm×0.6 cm and 3.0 cm×4.0 cm. The origin of flaps was frontonasal flap in 58 cases, bilobed flap in 67 cases, reforming rhomboid flap in 152 cases, nasolabial flap in 118 cses, forehead falp in 33 cases. The secondary defect of donor site was directly sutured. Results Among 428 cases, 423 cases acquired complete recovery; 3 cases which had epiderm necrosis over the far end of the flap achieved healing by the first intention and 2 cases which had suffered low-grade infection of incision achieved healing by the second intention after regional change dressings.The nasal defect was successfully repaired in all patients,and the all flaps survived. A total of 385 patients were available forfollow-up of 1 to 60 months, no tumor recurrence occurred, and the repaired tissue were good match with surrounding tissue, good nasal contour was obtained, the cosmetic results were satisfactory. Conclusion Based on the nasal aesthetic subunit principle, the local flap can reconstruct the nasal above medial defect, and a good color, contour and texture match with the surrounding skin can be obtained, the cosmetic results are satisfactory.
Objective
To investigate the effectiveness of local skin flaps such as V-Y advancement flap (V-Y plasty) and transposition flap (Z plasty) in the adjustment of reconstructed nasal alars at second stage.
Methods
Between June 2012 and January 2017, 14 cases of reconstructed nasal alars by nasolabial flap or expanded forehead flap were recruited. There were 9 males and 5 females with an average age of 34.8 years (range, 18-52 years). The interval time between one- and two-stage operations was 1-12 months (mean, 3 months). The type of local skin flap was decided according to the flaws of reconstructed nasal alars. V-Y plasty was used in 5 cases, Z plasty in 2 cases, and V-Y plasty combined with Z plasty in 7 cases.
Results
All operations were successfully completed. The flaps in 3 cases suffered from epidermal necrosis at the far end and healed by dressing change. The other wounds healed by first intention. All 14 cases were followed up 6-40 months (mean, 12 months). The nasal alars had verisimilar shape and symmetrical appearance. The color and texture of reconstructed nasal alar were closed to peripheral tissues.
Conclusion
Applying local skin flaps such as V-Y plasty and Z plasty can acquire a better shape in the adjustment of reconstructed nasal alars.
ObjectiveTo investigate the feasibility of the bipaddled split pectoralis major myocutaneous flap for immediate reconstruction of oral mucosal defects and neck defects after resection of recurrent oral cancer.
MethodsSix patients with oral mucosal defects combined with neck defects after recurrent oral cancer resection were treated with bipaddled split pectoralis major myocutaneous flap between September 2013 and September 2014. There were 5 males and 1 female with an average age of 54.7 years (range, 45-62 years), including 4 cases of recurrent tongue cancer, 1 case of recurrent mandibular gingival cancer, and 1 case of mouth floor carcinoma. All patients underwent local recurrence at 8 to 14 months after first operation, with no distant metastasis. The defects of the intraoral mucosa was 4.0 cm×2.5 cm to 6.5 cm×3.5 cm and the defect of the neck skin was 5.5 cm×3.5 cm to 7.5 cm×5.0 cm. The pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps (14.0 cm×3.5 cm to 17.0 cm×5.5 cm) were incised at the level of the 3rd to the 4th rib, and then split down along the muscle fiber till about 2 cm away from the thoracoacromial vessels, forming 2 independent skin paddles with 1-2 branch vessels to the pedicles of the distal ones. The distal skin paddles were used for oral reconstruction while the proximal paddles for repair of neck defects. The chest donor sites were sutured directly.
ResultsCervical haematoma and infection happened in 1 patient respectively after operation, and were cured after symptomatic treatment. All 6 split pectoralis major myocutaneous flaps with 12 skin paddles completely survived. All patients were followed up 6 to 18 months (mean, 11 months). One patient died of pulmonary metastasis at 8 months after operation and the other 5 survived without relapse or metastasis during follow-up. The intraoral paddles showed good shape with satisfactory speech function and swallowing recovery. The paddles also healed perfectly on the neck with flat outlooks, and all patients obtained full appearance and free movement of the neck. No fistula formed on the submandibular region and neck.
ConclusionThe bipaddled split pectoralis major myocutaneous flap can complete simultaneous immediate reconstruction of oral mucosal defect and neck defect. It is very useful in the treatment of recurrent oral cancer.
