摘要:目的:探討通過腹腔內注射局部麻醉藥在腹腔鏡膽囊切除術中的鎮痛效果。方法:52例患者隨機分為4組,Ⅰ組術前腹腔內噴灑0.75%羅哌卡因20 mL;Ⅱ組術后腹腔內噴灑0.75%羅哌卡因20 mL;Ⅲ組為術后腹腔內噴灑0.5%布比卡因20 mL;Ⅳ組術后腹腔內噴灑生理鹽水20 mL。麻醉方法均為全憑靜脈麻醉。術后1、2、3、4 h 4個時間點記錄患者術后疼痛視覺模擬評分(VAS)。并觀察4組術后使用鎮痛藥物的例數和肩背痛、惡心嘔吐發生率。結果:術后1、2、3、4 h VAS評分Ⅱ組lt;Ⅲ組lt;Ⅰ組lt;Ⅳ組(Plt;0.05)。Ⅳ組使用鎮痛藥物的例數明顯高于Ⅰ組、Ⅱ組和Ⅲ組(Plt;0.05)。4組術后肩背痛、惡心嘔吐發生率差異無顯著性(Pgt;0.05)。結論:經腹腔給局麻藥鎮痛效果明顯,術畢給藥鎮痛效果優于術前給藥,羅哌卡因鎮痛效果優于布比卡因。Abstract: Objective: To investigate the effect of intraperitoneal local anesthetic on patients undergone laparoscopiccho1ecystectomy.Methods:Fiftytwo patients were randomly divided into four groups. Group Ⅰ received preoperational anesthetic spary with 20 mL of 0.75% ropivacaine. Group Ⅱ was given the anesthetic ata same dosage after the operation. Group Ⅲ received preoperational anesthetic spary with 20 mL of 0.5% bupivacaine. Group Ⅳ received preoperational anesthetic spary with 20 mL saline. The LC was completed under general anesthesia.After the operation,visual analog scale (VAS)was recorded at 1,2,3 and 4 hours to evaluate the degree of postoperative pain.Meanwhile,the number of the patients who received anesthetics after the surgery,as well as the incidence rates shoulder or back pain and nausea or vomiting were recorded. Results: Postoperative VAS of the group Ⅱ was significantly lower than that of the other three groups, while the VAS of group Ⅲ was significantly lower than that in group Ⅰ(both Plt;0.05).Compared to groups Ⅰ, Ⅱ and Ⅲ,more patients in the group Ⅳ needed anesthetics after the operation (Plt;0.05).No significant diference was noticed in the incidence rates of shoulder or back pain and nausea or vomiting among the four groups (Pgt;0.05).Conclusions: Intraperitoneal local anesthetic can significantly reduce postoperative pain after LC. It is more effective to give local anesthetic at the end of the procedure than using it before operation. The effect of ropivacaine is better than bupivacaine.
目的 探討在局部麻醉下行痔上黏膜環形切除釘合術(procedure for prolapse and hemorrhoids,PPH)治療重度內痔的可行性及臨床應用價值。方法 筆者所在醫院科室從2005年起對32例Ⅲ度及Ⅳ度脫垂性內痔(含1例混合痔)患者均采用苯巴比妥+氫溴酸東莨菪堿+利多卡因肛管直腸環形局部浸潤麻醉行PPH術,對其麻醉效果、手術時間、術中及術后疼痛、尿潴留、術后感染、肛門狹窄、住院時間、治療滿意度等進行分析。結果 32例患者均順利完成手術,有1例術中改行低位連續硬膜外麻醉,1例輔加鎮靜劑及鎮痛劑。術后28例對疼痛能耐受,4例需鎮痛藥物;1例患者有肛門墜脹感;所有患者傷口均一期愈合,無尿潴留、術后感染、出血、肛門狹窄等并發癥發生;31例對療效滿意,有1例感肛門墜脹,行溫水坐浴及痔瘡膏納肛治療1周后緩解。住院時間3~6d,平均4d。32例患者均進行有效隨訪,隨訪時間2~4個月,平均3個月,無大便失禁或復發,肛門控便能力均可。結論 局部麻醉下行PPH術治療重度內痔是一種安全可行的手術方法,麻醉操作護理簡單,療效確切,術后并發癥少,術后恢復快,并可減少醫療費用。