The UK's National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) published guideline of mental wellbeing at work on March 2, 2022. The guideline covers how to create the right conditions for mental wellbeing in the workplace, with the aim of promoting supportive and inclusive workplace environments and helping people with or at potential risk of mental health problems. This review will interpret the guidelines in detail.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) for improving mental health and social functions in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).
MethodsWe searched PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library (Issue 4, 2016), CBM and CNKI from inception to May 2016, to collect randomized controlled trials (RCT) about CBT on mental health and social function in patients with MS. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of included studies. Then meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.
ResultsA total of 11 RCTs involving 1 102 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that, the HADS scores (depression: MD=-1.28, 95%CI-2.07 to-0.48, P=0.002; anxiety: MD=-1.52, 95%CI-2.99 to-0.06, P=0.04), BDI scores (MD=-9.11, 95% CI-15.82 to-2.40, P=0.008), HRDS scores (MD=-7.23, 95% CI-13.65 to-0.82, P=0.03), Chalder scores (MD=-4.88, 95% CI-6.61 to-3.16, P < 0.000 01), MFIS scores (MD=-2.98, 95% CI-4.52 to-1.44, P=0.000 2) and GHQ-12 scores (MD=-3.61, 95%CI-5.20 to-2.02, P < 0.000 01) in the CBT group were lower than that in the control group. No significant difference was found in WSAS scores (MD=-1.98, 95%CI-4.88 to 0.93, P=0.18) between two groups.
ConclusionCBT may be effective for improving the negative mental experience, fatigue and quality of life in MS. No evidence to support CBT has benefits in social functions. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, the above conclusion needs to be verified by more high quality studies.
ObjectiveTo investigate changes of the psychological heath condition of postgraduates in professional degree (PPD) of clinical medicine under "clinical-practical and medical-educational combination" training mode.MethodsA cluster sampling method was adopted for 101 PPDs and 120 postgraduates in academic degree (PAD) of clinical medicine in grade 2015 of our university. The psychological health condition was evaluated using online questionnaires at the time of enrollment in 2015 and prior to graduation in 2018.ResultsA total of 82 valid questionnaires in PPD group and 96 valid questionnaires in PAD group were collected in 2018. Compared with 2015, the scores of K6 for assessing psychological distress within 1 month, PHQ-9 for the depression module and the PHQ-15 for assessing somatic symptoms within 1 month decreased in 2018 (P<0.05), while the scores of sleep time in Pittsburgh Sleep Index Questionnaire increased in 2018 (P<0.05). The scores of K6 and PHQ-15 within 12 months in the group with excellent academic achievement prior to graduation were higher than those in the other three groups (P<0.05), and the hypnotic scores of the group with poor academic achievement were higher than those of the other three groups (P<0.05).ConclusionsThe emotion, somatic symptoms and psychological feelings of PDDs and PADs are superior than those at the time of admission, and the ability of psychological stress adjustment gradually matured and improved. However, the pressures faced by PPDs and PADs may originate from different aspects, and the "clinical-practical and medical-educational combination" training mode has not included more pressure on the PPDs. Graduates with excellent academic achievements are under significant pressure. However, the ability to adjust is strong, and the physiological health condition of graduate with inferior academic achievements may require more attention from educators.
【摘要】 目的 調查成都市未成年犯管教所民警心理健康水平。 方法 2010年5月采用癥狀自評量表（symptom checklist 90，SCL-90）和健康調查簡表（short form 36 health survey questionnaire，SF-36）調查成都市某未成年犯管教所153名民警的心理健康水平，并對比相應人群的常模分數。 結果 未成年犯管教所民警SCL-90陽性率57.5%，SCL-90總分及各因子分均高于1999年修正常模、1986年全國常模（Plt;0.05）。SCL-90的人際關系敏感因子分與北京監獄民警常模差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05），偏執因子分低于北京監獄民警常模（Plt;0.05），SCL-90總分及其余因子分均高于北京監獄民警常模（Plt;0.05）；SCL-90總分及各項因子分男性高于女性（Plt;0.05），直接監管犯人者高于內務、管理工作者（Plt;0.05）；年齡lt;35歲者的抑郁、偏執、精神病性因子分高于年齡gt;35歲者（Plt;0.05）。SF-36各因子分均低于1998年四川居民、2005年上海公安局民警（Plt;0.05）；SF-36各因子與SCL-90總分、各因子均呈負相關（Plt;0.05）。 結論 應重視并改善未成年犯管教所民警的心理健康水平。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate and analyze the mental health of policemen in juvenile reformatory and their relationships. Methods The mental health of 153 policemen working in a juvenile reformatory were assessed by using symptom checklist (SCL)-90 and short form 36 health survey questionnaire (SF-36) in May, 2010. The data was compared with norm and other relative data, such as SCL-90 China norm, norm revised in 1999, SCL-90 of judicial police in Beijing, etc. Results The positive rate of SCL-90 of policemen in reformatory was 57.5%. The total score and factor score of SCL-90 were significantly higher than that of the China norm revised in 1999. Furthermore, compared with the judicial policemen in Beijing, except for the interpersonal sensitivity and paranoid ideation, the total score and other factor scores were significantly higher. The SCL-90 total score and various factors of the males were significantly higher than that of the females. The score of the guards was higher than that of charging of quarters and management. In youth (less than 35 years old) depression, paranoid ideation, psychoticism factor scores were significantly higher than that in the middle-aged groups. SF-36 factor score of the reformatory police was significantly lower than that of Sichuan resident in 1998, and also the policemen in Shanghai Public Security Bureau in 2005. And SF-36 factor score of the reformatory policemen had a significant negative correlation with the total score and every factor score of SCL-90. Conclusion We should pay attention to the juvenile reformatory policemen’s mental health and and improve it.
【摘要】 目的 了解新護士的心理健康狀況及應付方式。 方法 采用心理衛生自評量表（SCL-90）和應付方式量表對2008年1月-2009年12月新上崗的64名護士進行測查。 結果 新護士強迫癥狀、抑郁、焦慮、敵對、恐怖、偏執、精神病性因子分、總均分及陽性項目數與全國常模比較偏高，差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.05）；SCL-90陽性者與陰性者應付方式比較，陽性者自責、幻想、退避、合理化因子均分均高于陰性者，差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.01）；新護士應付方式各因子均分、退避、幻想、自責因子均高于吳超等人的研究（Plt;0.05）。 結論 新護士心理健康狀況低于一般人群；較其他年齡段護士更多采用不成熟應付方式；成熟應付方式有益心理健康。護理管理者應重視新護士心理健康，引導新護士多采取成熟應付方式，提高心理健康水平。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the psychological states of new nurses and their coping styles. Methods Sixty-four nurses starting work between January 2008 and October 2009 in our hospital were investigated by Symptom Checklist 90 (SCL-90) and Coping Style Questionnaire. Results The scores of compulsion and mental disorder, average score, and the number of positive items were statistically higher than the national norm of China (Plt;0.001). The scores of athymia, anxiety, hostility, and phobia factors were higher than the national norm (Plt;0.01). The score of paranoid factor was also statistically higher than the national norm (Plt;0.05). Based on the results of SCL-90, we found that the scores of factors of self-accusation, fantasy, back-off (Plt;0.05) and the factor of rationalization (Plt;0.01) in the positive group were significantly higher than those of the negative group. Compared with the result of the research made by WU Chao and his colleges, the average scores of such factors as back-off (Plt;0.001), fantasy (Plt;0.01) and self-accusation (Plt;0.05) were statistically higher in the study group than those in the control group. Conclusion The psychological states of new nurses are worse than the general population. Compared with older nurses, new nurses are more inclined to use immature coping styles. Mature coping styles are favorable to their psychological states. The nursing regulators should pay more attention to the psychological states of new nurses and guide them to use mature coping styles to improve their psychological states.
Objective To systematically analyze the factors influencing the left-behind children’s mental health. Methods After the search term and strategy were confirmed by researchers, four Chinese databases including Chinese Biological Medical Literature Database (CBM), Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) and WanFang Database (WF) were searched to collect papers, published before March 2011, on relevant factors influencing mental health of left-behind children in China. Then two reviewers independently screened, extracted and cross-checked the data, and the disagreements were resolved by discussion or by consulting a third reviewer. Qualitative synthesis method was used to analyze the study results. Results Of the total 3 252 records, 49 studies were included. The results of qualitative analysis showed that factors influencing left-behind children’s mental health could be classified into four categories including social factors, family factors, school factors and personal factors. Of the nearly 30 kinds of specific factors, the main ones were gender, age, parent-child relationship, social support, personality and characteristics, and outgoing condition of parents, etc. Conclusion Current research results indicate that many factors have influences on mental health of left-behind children, but the research quality is not high with low argument efficiency. There are still controversies on several factors’ impact. Longitudinal studies with rigorous design are needed to analyze the impact of different factors on the left-behind children’s mental health and to summarize the interaction between various factors, so as to provide scientific evidence for developing practical and effective intervention measures.
Objective To systematically evaluate and comparatively analyze the mental health status of adolescents with different genders in middle schools of China, and to provide scientific evidence for the improvement of adolescents’ mental health level. Methods Such databases as CNKI, VIP, WanFang Data, and CBM (1989 to Dec, 2009) were searched. Data were extracted from the included literature and RevMan 4.2 software was used for meta-analyses. Results Twenty-seven original literatures were included. The results of meta-analyses showed: the total anxious trend of girls was higher than that of boys (OR= –?2.14, 95%CI –?2.93 to –?1.35, Plt;0.000 01); the result of each scale displayed that girls scored higher than boys in terms of study-anxiety (OR= –?0.53, 95%CI –?0.67 to –?0. 39, Plt;0.00001), social-anxiety (OR= –?0.30, 95%CI –?0.45 to –?0.15, Plt;0.000 1), self-accusation trend (OR= –?0.30, 95%CI –?0.46 to –?0.13, Plt;0.000 6), allergy trend (OR= –?0.18, 95%CI 0.31 to –?0.05, P=0.008), body symptom (OR= –0.21, 95%CI –0.34 to –0.08, P=0.001), and phobia trend (OR= –?0.80, 95%CI –?0.91 to –?0.68, Plt;0.000 01); No significant differences were identified between boys and girls in terms of solitude trend (OR=0.09, 95%CI –?0.04 to 0.22, P=0.2) and actuation trend (OR=0.06, 95%CI –?0.15 to 0.28, P=0.56). Conclusion Targeted measures should be taken for adolescent mental health education, especially for girls.
