Objective To review the appl ication of electrospinning in preparation of tendon tissue engineered scaffolds, to describe its appl ication effect and prospects. Methods Recent l iterature was extensively reviewed and summarized from various aspects, concerning the appl ication of electrospinning in preparing tendon tissue engineered scaffolds. Results Because of its huge surface and high porosity, the electrospun fibers prepared by electrospinning technology have been widely used in the manufacture of tendon tissue engineered scaffolds in recent years. A variety of materials, including polylactic acid, have been successfully electrospun into various types of tendon tissue engineered scaffolds, and goodresults in the repair of tendon defect were achieved. Conclusion The electrospinning technology has provide a new way for the preparation of the tendon tissue engineered scaffolds, with the perfection of the technology they will have broad application prospects in the field of tendon tissue engineering.
Objective To explore the risk factors related to periprosthetic infection after breast augmentation, and to provide a basis for reducing the risk of postoperative infection. Methods A total of 1 056 female patients who underwent breast augmentation between January 2010 and January 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. The patients were 20 to 44 years old (mean, 31.6 years). The body mass index (BMI) was 19.0-31.1 kg/m2, with an average of 24.47 kg/m2. According to the periprosthetic infection standard of the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC), the patients were divided into infection group and non-infection group. Age, BMI, diabetes, previous history of immunosuppression, history of smoking, previous history of breast surgery, previous history of mastitis, combined with active dermatitis, surgical approach, the type and shape of breast prosthesis, implant in the different layers, combined with mastopexy, operation time, postoperative antibiotic time, postoperative breast crash, and postoperative potential infection surgery were analyzed by univariate analysis. The influencing factors of prosthetic infection were screened by logistic regression. Results Periprosthetic infection occurred in 60 cases after operation, and the infection rate was 5.68%. Among them, 11 cases were acute infection, 33 cases were subacute infection, 16 cases were delayed infection, and 20 cases were positive in bacterial culture. Postoperative breast crash occurred in 114 cases. Univariate analysis showed that diabetes, previous history of immunosuppression, history of smoking, previous history of mastitis, postoperative breast crash, postoperative potential infection surgery, and combined with breast suspension were the influencing factors of postoperative periprosthetic infection (P<0.05). Multivariate analysis showed that diabetes, history of smoking, and postoperative breast crash were the risk factors of periprosthetic infection (P<0.05). Conclusion Diabetes, smoking, and postoperative breast crash are the risk factors of periprosthetic infection after breast augmentation.
Objective To introduce the materials, preparative technique and endothel ial ization modification of scaffold. Methods The recent original articles about vascular tissue engineering were extensively reviewed and analyzed. Results The materials including natural materials, biodegradable polymers and composite materials were studied in the field of scaffold. The ways of casting, cell self-assembly, gel spinning and electrospinning were appl ied to prepare the scaffold of vascular tissue engineering. The modification of scaffold was one of the most important elements for vascular tissue engineering. Conclusion The recent researchs about scaffold of vascular tissue engineering focus on composite material and electrospinning, the modification of scaffold can improve the abil ity of adhesion to endothel ial cells.
Objective To explore whether the polymorphism of transforming growth factor β1 (TGF β1) gene at 869T/C and 915G/C loci contributes to the genetic susceptibility to hypertension. Methods Assessed under the same criteria, all case control studies on relationship between the polymorphism of TGF β1 gene and hypertension were searched in both English and Chinese databases. All articles retrieved were screened and evaluated, and meta-analyses were conducted with RevMan 5.1 software. Results A total of 14 case control studies were included. The results of meta-analyses showed TGF β1 gene C allele was related to hypertension (OR=1.37, 95%CI 1.21 to 1.54). It was noted that individuals with CC genotype and TT genotype had a significant increased risk of hypertension (OR=1.43, 95%CI 1.27 to 1.60; OR=0.64, 95%CI 0.53 to 0.78, respectively). And there was no b evidence showing that TGF β1 915G/C genetic polymorphism was related to hypertension. The results from meta-analyses of the studies based on Chinese population on the two loci were in consistent with the outcomes of overall meta-analyses. Sensitivity analyses indicated the results were stable. And publication bias was not present, reflected by P values from Egger’s regression asymmetry test and Begg’s adjusted rank correction test. Conclusions 869T/C polymorphism of TGF β1 gene is associated with hypertension. C allele is potentially one of the genetic risk factors for hypertension. Present studies do not support a direct relationship between 915G/C polymorphism TGF β1 gene and hypertension.
Objective To review the research progress of cell-scaffold complex in the tendon tissue engineering. Methods Recent literature concerning cell-scaffold complex in the tendon tissue engineering was reviewed, the research situation of the cell-scaffold complex was elaborated in the aspects of seed cells, scaffolds, cell culture, and application. Results In tendon tissue engineering, a cell-scaffold complex is built by appropriate seed cells and engineered scaffolds. Experiments showed that modified seed cells had better therapeutic effects. Further, scaffold functionality could be improved through surface modification, growth factor cure, mechanical stimulation, and contact guidance. Among these methods, mechanical stimulation revealed the most significant results in promoting cell proliferation and function. Through a variety of defect models, it is demonstrated that the use of cell-scaffold complex could achieve satisfactory results for tendon regeneration. Conclusion The cell-scaffold complex for tendon tissue engineering is a popular research topic. Although it has not yet met the requirement of clinical use, it has broad application prospects.
