【摘要】 目的 利用人體成分分析儀測定腫瘤化療患者人體組成,進而探討腫瘤化療患者人體成分組成特點及與營養狀況的關系。 方法 用人體成分分析儀于2008年4-5月對50例腫瘤化療患者行人體成分測定并分析。 結果 腫瘤化療患者人體細胞內液、外液,體內水分、蛋白質、礦物質、骨骼肌含量等成分存在不足,且有30％的腫瘤化療患者體脂肪含量過剩,40％體脂肪百分比超標。 結論 腫瘤化療患者由于疾病自身的高消耗,化療藥物對機體的影響,導致攝入不足,營養狀況較差,各成分含量均異常。其營養問題應受到重視,并采取積極有效的營養支持以改善營養狀況。【Abstract】 Objective To detect the body compositions of patients with carcinoma who had undergone chemotherapy, and to analyze the features of the composition and its relationship with nutritional status. Methods Bioelectrical impedance analyzer was used to measure and analyze the body compositions of 50 patients who was underwent chemotherapy from April to May 2008. Results The compositions such as intracellular and extracellular water, total body water, protein, minerals, skeletal muscle mass were insufficient in patients who had undergone chemotherapy; 30% of the patients had excess body fat, and 40% of the patients′ body fat percent was over standard. Conclusion Because of the high consumption of disease itself and the effects of chemotherapy drugs on the body, the intake of the patients who have undergone chemotherapy is insufficient and the nutritional status is poor. We should actively evaluate their nutritional status and do some effective nutritional supports to improve the nutritional status of patients with carcinoma who have undergone chemotherapy.
目的 探討老年慢性阻塞性肺疾病（慢阻肺）患者營養標志物與壓力性損傷（pressure injury，PI）的相關性。方法 納入 2020 年 1 月－2021 年 12 月入住四川大學華西醫院及都江堰市人民醫院老年病科的慢阻肺合并 PI 的老年患者行回顧性分析，收集營養標志物指標等血液指標，分別與 PI 危險因素指標 Braden 評分、PI 嚴重程度指標 PI 分期進行相關性分析。結果 共納入慢阻肺合并 PI 患者 293 例。不同 Braden 評分組患者白蛋白、前白蛋白差異有統計學意義（P<0.05），Braden 評分分值與白蛋白（rs=0.241，P<0.001）、前白蛋白（rs=0.179，P=0.002）、血紅蛋白（rs=0.199，P=0.001）呈正相關；不同 PI 分期患者白蛋白、球蛋白、紅細胞計數、血鈉、血氯、C 反應蛋白差異有統計學意義（P<0.05），PI 分期與白蛋白呈負相關（rs=?0.192，P=0.001），與血鈉（rs=0.139，P<0.001）、血氯（rs=0.184，P<0.001）、C 反應蛋白（rs=0.177，P=0.020）呈正相關。結論 對老年慢阻肺患者行 PI 風險評估及嚴重程度評定時，要加強對營養標志物的關注，評估患者是否存在蛋白質營養不良風險，有助于提高 PI 風險評估及嚴重程度預測的準確性，有效提高 PI 的防治效果。
【摘要】 目的 探討海洋肽對惡性腫瘤化學治療（簡稱化療）患者營養狀況和免疫功能的影響。 方法 依照納入排除標準選取2010年3－11月66例惡性腫瘤化療患者，隨機分為試驗組和對照組，每組各33例。在正常飲食基礎上，試驗組和對照組分別服用海洋肽制劑和乳清蛋白制劑21 d，進行肝腎功能、營養狀況及免疫指標的測定。 結果 干預前后兩組肝腎功及血脂指標差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05），且均在正常范圍內。試驗組干預后體質指數（body mass index，BMI）、上臂圍、上臂肌圍、總蛋白、白蛋白、球蛋白、前白蛋白（prealbumin，PA）、轉鐵蛋白較干預前升高有統計學意義（Plt;0.05），而血紅蛋白和三頭肌皮褶厚度干預前后比較差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）；對照組干預前后各指標差異均無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）；試驗組BMI、PA的前后差值較對照組高（Plt;0.05），而其他指標差值在兩組間差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。兩組在干預前后組內比較及組間免疫指標差值比較，差異均無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。 結論 海洋肽作為部分氮源應用于惡性腫瘤化療患者，對患者的內臟蛋白、人體測量等均有一定的營養改善作用，但對免疫功能的影響不明顯，尚待進一步研究。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the effects of marine peptide on the nutritional status and immune function in malignant tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy. Methods According to inclusive and exclusive criteria, 66 malignant tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy from March 2010 to November 2010 were randomized into study group and control group with 33 patients in each group. The patients in the study group were given marine collagen peptide whey protein while those in the control group were given whey protein for 21 days. Liver and kidney function, nutritional status and immune function were observed before and after intervention. Results Liver, kidney function and blood lipids of all the patients were within normal range, and were not significantly different between the two groups before and after intervention (P＞0.05). After intervention, body mass index (BMI), arm circumference, arm muscle circumference, total protein, albumin, globulin, prealbumin (PA), transferring protein of the study group were significantly increased (P＜0.05), but hemoglobin and triceps skinfold thickness had no significant changes (P＞0.05). There was no significant difference of the above parameters in the control group before and after intervention (P＞0.05). The magnitude of change of PA and BMI before and after intervention were higher in the study group than those in the control group (P＜0.05), while the magnitude of change of other parameters before and after intervention showed no significant difference between the two groups (P＞0.05). The immune function showed no significant change in both groups before and after intervention (P＞0.05), and it was also not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion As part of dietary nitrogen sources, marine peptide can significantly improve nutritional status, including visceral protein and anthropometry in malignant tumor patients undergoing chemotherapy, but it has no significant effect on immune function, which should be further studied in detail.
