目的 探討舒芬太尼配伍異丙酚用于纖支鏡檢查的鎮靜、鎮痛效果。方法 將120 例擬行纖支鏡檢查的患者，按入院順序分為兩組： S 組（舒芬太尼 + 異丙酚， n=60）和 F 組（芬太尼 + 異丙酚， n=60）。術中監測心率（HR）、收縮壓（SBP）、舒張壓（DBP）和氧飽和度（SPO2），記錄異丙酚用量、檢查時間、蘇醒時間、鎮靜評分等。結果 與用藥前比較，兩組患者用藥后3 min HR較用藥前均明顯增快（Plt;0.05）；兩組患者用藥后 3 min SPO2 較用藥前明顯下降（Plt;0.05，Plt;0.01），但兩組患者用藥前后 SBP、 DBP 差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。兩組患者組間比較，異丙酚用量、鎮靜評分相近，其差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）； S 組蘇醒時間比 F 組短，差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.01）。結論 舒芬太尼配伍異丙酚可以安全用于無痛纖支鏡檢查術。
【摘要】 目的 觀察依托咪酯乳劑復合舒芬太尼用于全麻下喉罩置入的血流動力學變化。 方法 選擇2009年4月-2010年2月間，46例需全麻手術、適合使用喉罩，美國麻醉醫師協會（ASA）Ⅰ～Ⅱ級，年齡18～60歲的患者，隨機分為兩組:依托咪酯乳劑組（E組）23 例，靜脈推注咪達唑侖0.05 mg/kg，依托咪酯乳劑0.3 mg/kg；依托咪酯乳劑+舒芬太尼組（ES組）23 例，靜脈推注咪達唑侖0.05 mg/kg，依托咪酯乳劑0.15 mg/kg，加舒芬太尼0.5 mg/kg，誘導后置入喉罩，記錄患者誘導前、用藥后1 min、喉罩置入后1 min的心率（HR）、平均動脈壓（MAP）以及評估喉罩置入條件的6項指標（張口困難分級、置入喉罩困難分級、舌咽反射、干咳干嘔反射、肢動反應及喉痙攣分級），同時記錄呼吸暫停時間。 結果 ES組能提供更好的喉罩置入條件，且能減少舌咽反射和肢體反應， 更能保證喉罩置入時血流動力學的穩定。 結論 依托咪酯乳劑復合舒芬太尼能為全麻喉罩置入時提供更好的條件，且能保證更好的血流動力學穩定。【Abstract】 Objective To investigate the hemodynamics changes when etomidate combined with sufentanil was applied for laryngeal mask airway insertion under the general anaesthesia. Methods From April 2009 to February 2010, 46 patients requiring general anesthesia using laryngeal mask airway (LMA) (American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA)Ⅰ-Ⅱ) aged 18-60 were randomly divided into two groups: 23 in etomidate emulsion group (group E) underwent the intravenous injection with midazolm (0.3 mg/kg) and etomidate (0.05 mg/kg); 23 in etomidate emulsion + sufentanil group (group ES) underwent the intravenous injection with etomidate (0.15 mg/kg), midazolm (0.05 mg/kg), and sufentanil 0.5 mg/kg. The patients were evaluated by six indexes of LMA insertion (mouth opening, swallowing reflex, cough reflex,vomiting reflex, body motion, and laryngospasm classification). After the anesthesia induction, LMA was inserted. The blood pressure (BP), heart rate (HR), and mean arterial pressure (MAP) were recorded before anesthesia induction one minute after the injection and one minute after LMA insertion. Meanwhile, the apnea time was recorded. Results Compared with group E, group ES offered better anesthesia for LMA insertion, less swallowing reflex and body motion, and more stable haemodynamics. Conclusion Etomidate combined with sufentanil provides good condition for LMA insertion under the general anaesthesia with steady haemodynamics.
【摘要】 目的 比較舒芬太尼與等效劑量芬太尼在髖關節置換術后患者硬膜外鎮痛的臨床效果。 方法 2006年11月-2008年9月收治的50例硬膜外麻醉下髖關節置換術患者，隨機分為兩組（n=25）。芬太尼組（A組）:芬太尼0.75 mg加0.894%甲磺酸哌卡因20 mL加生理鹽水至100 mL；舒芬太尼組（B組），舒芬太尼75 μg加0.894%甲磺酸哌卡因20 mL加生理鹽水至100 mL硬膜外鎮痛。其中，A組患者于手術結束時，靜脈滴注格拉司瓊3 mg。持續劑量2 mL/h，單次給藥量（PCA）0.5 mL/次，鎖定時間15 min。觀察兩組的鎮痛效果，惡心、嘔吐次數，記錄脈搏血氧飽和度、心率、呼吸的變化。 結果 鎮痛泵開機后，B組各時段鎮靜評分，2分以上者明顯多于A組，鎮痛評分明顯低于A組，有統計學意義（Plt;0.05），兩組術后惡心、嘔吐發生率都較低，組間差異無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。兩組4、12、24 h的呼吸頻率和脈搏血氧飽和度差異有統計學意義（Plt;0.05），但48 h的呼吸頻率和脈搏血氧飽和度無統計學意義（Pgt;0.05）。 結論 在等效劑量下，髖關節置換術后患者硬膜外鎮痛，舒芬太尼明顯優于芬太尼。【Abstract】 Objective To compare the clinical effect of epidural analgesia with sufentanil and fentanyl in an equivalent dose after hip replacement. Methods From December 2006 to September 2008, fifty cases of epidural anesthesia after hip replacement were randomly divided into two groups, each group had 25 cases. Group A (fentanyl group): fentanyl mesylate 0.75 mg+0.894% ropivacaine 20 mL+0.9% sodium chloride solution to 100 mL; group B (sufentanil group): sufentanil 75 μg+0.894% ropivacaine mesylate 20 mL+0.9% sodium chloride solution to 100 mL epidural analgesia. Patients in group A received intravenous infusion of granisetron 3 mg at the end of surgery. Continuous dose was 2 mL/h, with the volume of single dose (PCA) 0.5 mL per time and lockout time of 15 minutes. The analgesic effect, nausea, and vomiting frequency were observed, and the pulse oxygen saturation, heart rate, and breathing changes were recorded. Results After boot analgesia, S sedation scores for each phase and pain score in group B were significantly different compared with those in group A (Plt;0.05). Both groups had low incidence of nausea and vomiting, and the difference was not statistically significant (Pgt;0.05). The difference of respiratory rate and pulse oxygen saturation at 4 h, 12 h, 24 h was statistically significant between two groups (Plt;0.05), but at 48 h the difference was not significant (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion In the equivalent dose, epidural analgesia with sufentanil in the patients with hip replacement is superior to fentanyl.
