PURPOSE:To evaluate the value of the apoptosis-suppressing oncogene bcl-2 protein expression in the development and progression of uveal and conjunctival melanomas.
METHODS:Using flow cytometry and immunofluorescence methods to detect the bcl-2 protein expression in 40 cases of uveal malignant melanomas (UMM), 5 cases of conjunctival nevi (CN) and 7 cases of conjunctival malignant melanomas (CMM).
RESULTS :The expression content of bcl-2 protein in CMM was significantly higher than that in CN (P＜0.05);the bcl-2 protein positive expression percentages in CMM and UMM were 85.71% and 72.50% respectively. The expression content of bcl-2 protein in UMM was not related to pathological
classfication, scleral invasion,ciliary body involvement,and tumor dimensions (P＞0.05).
CONCLUSIONS: The over-expression of bcl-2 protein and apoptosis suppressing might be related to the pathogenesis of CMM and UMM;bcl-2 protein expression might be helpful in discriminating CN from CMM, but unavailable in evaluating the patholgical malignancy of UMM.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1997,13: 73-74 ）
Objective To investigate the effects of adenovirus-mediated melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (mda-7)/IL-24 and/or adriamycin (ADM) on transplanted human hepatoma in nude mice and to explore a new way for hepatoma gene therapy combined with chemotherapy. Methods The recombinant adenovirus vector carrying Ad.mda-7 was constructed; Ad.mda-7 and/or ADM were injected into the tumor-bearing mice. Their effects on the growth of the tumor and the survival time of the mice were observed. The expressions of VEGF and TGF-β1 were detected by an immunohistochemistry method. Results Ad.mda-7 was constructed and expressed in vivo successfully. Compared with other three groups 〔control group (43.4±1.67) d, ADM group (64.2±4.14) d, Ad.mda-7 group (61.4±1.67) d〕, the mice treated with Ad.mda-7 combined with ADM had longer average survival time 〔(83.8±4.82) d, P＜0.01〕; the average size of tumor treated with Ad.mda-7 combined with ADM diminished significantly compared with that treated with ADM or Ad.mda-7 separately (P＜0.01). VEGF and TGF-β1 expressions of Ad.mda-7 group were (56.2±7.7)%, (35.2±4.5)%, respectively, and were lower than those in ADM group (VEGF: P＜0.05; TGF-β1: P＜0.01). VEGF expression of Ad.mda-7+ADM group was (37.3±5.0)%, and was significantly lower than that in other three groups (P＜0.01). TGF-β1 expression of Ad.mda-7+ADM group was (31.2±3.1)% and significantly lower than that in control group and ADM group (P＜0.01), however, there was no significant difference compared with Ad.mda-7 group (Pgt;0.05). Conclusion Ad.mda-7 combined with ADM has b antitumor potency and synergistic effects and suppresses the growth of human HCC xenograft in nude mice, possibly by inducing the apoptosis of hepatoma cell lines and suppressing tumor angiogenesis.
Peripheral exudative hemorrhagic chorioretinopathy (PEHCR) is a peripheral retinal disease characterized by subretinal hemorrhage and/or subretinal pigment epithelial hemorrhage or exudation. It is often misdiagnosed as age-related macular degeneration, polypoidal chorioretinopathy or choroidal melanoma. With the development of multimodal imaging, PEHCR has different features under different examinations, such as B-scan ultrasound, fluorescein fundus angiography, optical coherence tomography and so on, which contributes to differention from other diseases. Clinical treatments for the disease include intravitreal injection of retinal photocoagulation therapy, anti-vascular endothelial growth factor, pars plana vitrectomyand so on, but there is still no universal consensus. In order to gain a deeper understanding of the clinical features, treatment options and prognosis of PEHCR, minimize missed diagnoses and misdiagnoses, and improve treatment efficiency, further research is required.
Malignant melanoma is a kind of highly malignant tumor, which mainly occurs in the skin, mucous membrane, and rarely in the breast. Here we reported a case of malignant melanoma in the chest wall skin with mammary metastasis. A sizable pigment spot on the skin of the thoracic region was found at the patient’s birth, existing for 50 years with quite atypical clinical manifestation. A nodule at 12 o’clock of the left breast was found by ultrasound four months ago, who was mistaken for a fibroadenoma. As a result, the patient received a minimally invasive excision of the breast lesion, after which the pathological report suggested malignant melanoma. By sharing this case, we aimed to discuss the diagnosis and treatment of this kind of atypical malignant melanoma in detail and provide some clinical experience.
Uveal melanoma is the most common primary intraocular malignancy in adults. Although it is relatively rare, it is extremely malignant, with poor treatment effect. The current treatment for primary lesions can achieve ideal local control, but there are still nearly half of the patients with distant metastasis. This article reviews the epidemiology, genetic status, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis of uveal melanoma in combination with recent advances in diagnostic and therapeutic techniques.
目的 總結采用改良帶蒂（足母）展肌肌皮瓣移位修復足跟部皮膚惡性黑色素瘤擴大切除后軟組織缺損的療效。方法 2008年2月－2011年6月，收治5例足跟部皮膚惡性黑色素瘤患者。男2例，女3例；年齡35～69歲，平均49歲。病程2～10年。足跟原發腫瘤范圍為3 cm × 2 cm～5 cm × 4 cm，3例伴破潰。4例腫瘤擴大切除后缺損范圍為6 cm × 6 cm～8 cm × 6 cm，1例因伴衛星灶缺損達13 cm × 12 cm；采用大小為6 cm × 6 cm～11 cm × 9 cm改良帶蒂（足母）展肌肌皮瓣移位修復缺損，不足部分取中厚皮片修復。供區采用腹股溝中厚皮片修復。 結果術后肌皮瓣及供受區植皮均成活，創面Ⅰ期愈合。2例腹股溝切口發生淋巴漏，經換藥和清創術后愈合。5例均獲隨訪，隨訪時間12～24個月。足跟部皮膚無破裂和磨損，外形豐滿、彈性良好，肌皮瓣痛、溫覺和耐磨性能良好。足踝伸屈功能正常，恢復負重功能，無腫瘤生長。足部切取肌皮瓣處凹陷明顯，第1、2、3趾底感覺減退、麻木。 結論改良帶蒂（足母）展肌肌皮瓣修復足跟部皮膚惡性黑色素瘤切除后缺損可獲得豐滿、耐磨和彈性好的外觀。
Objective
To observe the therapeutic effect of plaque radiotherapy (PRT) on choroidal melanoma.
Methods
PRT was performed on 21 patients (21 eyes) with chroidal melanoma who had been examined by ophthalmoscopy, fundus fluorescein angiography (FFA), indocyanine green angiography (ICGA), and B-scan echography. The visual acuity was le;0.05 in 3 eyes, 0.06-0.2 in 4 eyes, and ge;0.3 in 14 eyes before the treatment. Choroidal melanoma, round or oval brown solid hunch, was located at the area around macula in 7 eyes, around the optic disc in 7 eyes, at or near the vascular arcade in 5 cases, and at the periphery in 2 eyes. The maximum length、width and thickness of tumor was 13 mm, 11.6 mm, and 9.59 mm. The isotope we used was125I, and the quantum of designed radiation was 100-120 Gy. Fourteen patients with choroidal melanoma at the macular area or around the optic disc underwent plaque radiotherapy associated with transpupillary thermotherapy (TTT). The average follow-up duration was 12 months with the longest duration of 3 years. The basis and thickness (height) of tumors were measured by B-scan echography. The aggrandizement of the tumor would be regarded if the height increased 15% or the basis boundary aggrandized 250mm.
Results
The visual acuity after the treatment decreased in 9 eyes, remained unchanged in 10, and increased in 2. The dimension of tumo increased in 6 eyes, remained unchanged in 12, and decreased in 3. The complication was vitreous hemorrhage in 2 eys, vascular occlusion in 1, branch retinal venous occlusion in 1, macular pucker in 1, retinal hemorrhage in 3, partial optic atrophy in 3, neovascular glaucoma in 1, and extraction of eye in 3.
Conclusion
The domestic plaque design is effective on choroidal melanoma, and is of a sort on the thick tumor and the tumor located at macula or beside the optic disc.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2006, 22: 157-160)
Objective
To evaluate the role of the cell cycle related genes cyclinD1 and Bcl-2 protein expression in the pathogenesis and infilt ration of the uveal melanoma．
Methods
Using immunohis tochemistry to detect the cyclinD1 and bcl-2 protein expression in 96 cases of uveal melanoma．
Results
The expression content of bcl-2 was high in uveal melanoma, and there wasn't any relationship between bcl-2 cell positivity and tumor cell type and extrascleral extension． In contrast, cyclinD1 expression was higher in epithelial cell uveal melanoma than mix cell and spindle cell varieties． There was a positive correlation between cyclinD1 cell positivity and extrascleral
extension．
Conclusion
The expression of bcl-2 protein is important for the survival of the uveal melanoma． CyclinD1 may serve as a sensitive index of its malignancy．
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis, 2001,17:44-46)
