ObjectiveTo explore the nursing intervention effect on pre-hypertension.
MethodsA total of 240 prehypertension patients in our community from July 2012 to January 2013 were randomly divided into observation group and control group with 120 patients in each group. No intervention was carried out for the control group. Blood pressure profile was established for the observation group and health education, exercise intervention, diet and body weight intervention measures were also given to the patients in this group. The improvement of life behavior and blood pressure control, and the awareness of hypertension health knowledge were compared between the two groups.
ResultsAwareness of the disease knowledge, risk factors, complications, prevention and treatment in the observation group was significantly better than those in the control group (P<0.05). After intervention, the improvement scores of diet control, exercise increase, smoking quitting and alcohol drinking control in the observation group were significantly higher than those in the control group (P<0.05). The systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and body mass index after intervention in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.05).
ConclusionCommunity nursing intervention can increase the health knowledge in pre-hypertensive patients, help patients establish a good way of life and control blood pressure effectively, and reduce the incidence of hypertension.
ObjectiveTo describe the status of quality of life (QOL) and self-management behavior in patients following mechanical heart valve replacement, and explore the relationship between QOL and self-management behavior.
MethodsConvenient sampling was used to recruit 352 patients following mechanical heart valve replacement in a high-level hospital in Chengdu between January 2011 and June 2012. General information questionnaire, MOS SF-36 scales, and self-management behavior questionnaire were used to collect data. T-test was used to analyze the difference between patients and normal people. And correlation analysis was used to see the correlation between QOL and self-management.
ResultsFor MOS SF-36 scale results in patients within one year after surgery, physical functioning (PF) score was 73.44±15.11, role-physical (RP) was 49.52±39.17, body pain (BP) was 63.13±17.93, general health (GH) was 58.85±14.88, vitality (VT) was 63.54±18.10, social functioning (SF) was 76.67±17.40, role-emotional (RE) was 64.96±41.37, and mental health (MH) was 72.76±17.40. All these scores of the patients were significantly lower than the norm of Sichuan Province (P<0.05) except the dimension of mental health. For patients one year or more after surgery, PF score was 76.53±14.41, RP 58.44±39.21, BP 68.16±18.26, GH 61.39±13.57, VT 68.47±16.37, SF 79.79±19.34, RE 72.94±37.29, and MH 75.87±14.70, among which PF, RE, BP and GH scores were lower than the norm (P<0.05). The average total score of self-management behavior was 143.21±20.63. QOL and self-management behavior were positively correlated.
ConclusionThere is still a gap between patients following mechanical heart valve replacement and normal people in terms of quality of life. Patients' self-management behavior is positively correlated with the quality of life. Good self-management behavior contributes to the improvement of QOL.
Objective To investigate the effect of training courses of evidence-based medicine (EBM) on the knowledge, skill, attitude and behavior of medical postgraduates and to explore the barriers to evidence-based practice (EBP), so as to provide knowledge to improve further EBM teaching and EBP. Methods A total of 110 medical postgraduates of Sichuan University who selected EBM courses in the autumn semester of 2004 were given questionnaires that combined both open and closed questions. The KAB (knowledge, attitude and behavior) of EBM and barriers to EBP were compared before and after the training courses. Results Differences were observed in KAB of EBM and barriers to EBP after the training courses, compared to the assessments done before the courses. In “Knowledge”: there was a significant increase in the understanding of specific terms in EBM after the training courses (75% of the items showed a statistically significant improvement). This was especially marked for “absolute risk”, “systematic review”, “meta-analysis” and “publication bias” (Plt;0.01). We also found an improvement in familiarity with medical search engines (Plt;0.05). In “Attitude”: the mean scores for most items (55%) were relatively high both before and after the training courses (gt;4), and a significant improvement was observed in 2 items. These were “Strong evidence is lacking to support most of the interventions I use with my patients” and “EBP needs to take into account patient preferences” (Plt;0.01). The mean scores of 2 items were relatively low both before and after the training courses (lt;3). These were “the adoption of EBP places an reasonable demand on physical therapists” and “EBP does not take into account the limitations of my clinical setting”. Another 2 items had mean scores close to 5: “I need to increase the use of evidence in my daily practice” and “I am interested in learning or improving the skills necessary to incorporate EBP into my practice”. In terms of “Behavior”: the medical postgraduates continued not to think highly of the use of literature after the training courses. About 60% of the postgraduates did not read any literature related to their specialties at all. Although searching of MEDLINE and other electronic databases was relatively frequent (gt;6 times/month: 60.3% before training and 65.7% after training), using professional literature and research findings in the process of clinical decision-making was not equal (gt;6 times/month: 29% before training and 35.1% after training). No significant difference was observed in applying clinical practice guidelines before and after the training courses. As for “Barriers”: the postgraduates considered “poor ability to critically appraise literature” as the most important barrier both before and after the training courses. The second and third most important barriers were different compared to after the training courses. The barrier of “lack of research skills” was larger than that of “lack of information resources” before the training courses, but after that the course, the order of these was reversed. Conclusion The knowledge of medical postgraduates increased significantly after the current training courses of EBM. Some improvement was also found in attitude and behavior. The top three barriers to EBP were “Poor ability to critically appraise literature”, “Lack of information resources”, and “Lack of research skills”
Childhood is the key period of psychological and behavioral development of children. The changes of children's psychological behavior during this period have an impact on the psychological and behavioral patterns of adolescents and even adults. Epilepsy is a chronic and recurrent disease, which affect the development emotional behavior problem of children with epilepsy seriously. This paper reviewed the influencing factors, measuring methods and intervention of emotional behavior problems in children with epilepsy so as to alleviate the negative emotion and behavior problems and provide quality of life in children with epilepsy.
Objective?To study the existent dietary hygiene behavior and attitude among college students and to provide references for further education and management. Methods?A self-designed dietary hygiene-related questionnaire based on the KAP (knowledge-attitude-practice) model was conducted in Sichuan University students, with a method of proportionate sampling classified by sex, grade, and major. Results?College students’ hygienic habits were not good enough. It indicated that only 7.8% of the students were concerned about Hygiene License and 30.7% of them held that tableware should be sterilized before using. Besides, only 21% of the students washed hands before meals, 14.9% believed that a health certificate was required for foodservice employees, more than 80% students may buy food on stalls sometimes. Conclusion?A majority of students have requirements for hygienic situations while dining, but they do not know clear specific health standards. A number of students are not used to washing hands before dining. Moreover, lack of hygienic awareness is emphasized when they are facing food with potential safety problems. It is very necessary to strengthen health education and to improve hygienic behaviors in college students.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the relationship between polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and emotion and behaviors in children and adolescents. MethodsThe PubMed, EBSCO, Web of Science, CBM, VIP, WanFang Data, OVFT, Proquest Psychological database and CNKI databases were electronically searched to collect studies on the relationship between PAHs and emotion and behaviors in children and adolescents from inception to October 20, 2022. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. A qualitative systematic review was then performed. ResultsA total of six cohort studies were included, five studies involving maternal exposure during pregnancy, found that maternal exposure to PAHs during pregnancy was associated with an increase in childhood anxiety/depression syndrome, attention problems, social withdrawal, social competence, social problems, orientation/regulation, withdrawal behaviors, and autism-related behaviors. Another study of exposure in school-age children found that PAHs exposure was associated with poorer attention performance in school. Results of other emotional behaviors were inconsistent, or no association was found. ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that PAHs have certain effects on emotional behaviors of children and adolescents. Due to the limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality cohort studies are required to verify above conclusion.
Objective
To investigate the current status of self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior and influencing factors in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Qianbei area, and to analyze the influencing factors.
Methods
A total of 329 COPD patients were recruited and investigated with self-compiled questionnaire for self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.
Results
The mean score of self-management knowledge, attitude and behavior in COPD patients was 132.6±17.0, in which the scores of each dimension from high to low were as follows: smoking, medication treatment, exercise and family oxygen therapy. The analysis of stepwise regression indicated that the main influencing factors of self-management of COPD patients were age, sex, address, degree of education, course of disease and smoking.
Conclusions
The self-management level of the disease recognition, attitude and behavior in COPD patients should be improved, in which the knowledge is key factor to promote the health behavior of patients. So the healthy workers should pay close attention to the influence factors and apply the new thinking pattern and methods to improve the self-management ability and the quality of life of patients.
Macaque is a common animal model in drug safety assessment. Its behavior reflects its health condition before and after drug administration, which can effectively reveal the side effects of drugs. At present, researchers usually rely on artificial methods to observe the behavior of macaque, which cannot achieve uninterrupted 24-hour monitoring. Therefore, it is urgent to develop a system to realize 24-hour observation and recognition of macaque behavior. In order to solve this problem, this paper constructs a video dataset containing nine kinds of macaque behaviors (MBVD-9), and proposes a network called Transformer-augmented SlowFast for macaque behavior recognition (TAS-MBR) based on this dataset. Specifically, the TAS-MBR network converts the red, green and blue (RGB) color mode frame input by its fast branches into residual frames on the basis of SlowFast network and introduces the Transformer module after the convolution operation to obtain sports information more effectively. The results show that the average classification accuracy of TAS-MBR network for macaque behavior is 94.53%, which is significantly improved compared with the original SlowFast network, proving the effectiveness and superiority of the proposed method in macaque behavior recognition. This work provides a new idea for the continuous observation and recognition of the behavior of macaque, and lays the technical foundation for the calculation of monkey behaviors before and after medication in drug safety evaluation.
ObjectiveTo identify the effects of transition to siblinghood (TTS) on the firstborn children’s emotions and behaviors, and to define the time of TTS.MethodsCBM, VIP, CNKI, WanFang Data, PubMed, Web of Science and EBSCO were electronically searched to collect studies on the emotional and behavioral characteristics of firstborn children in TTS from inception to December 31st, 2019. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk bias of included studies. Then, qualitative methods were used to analyze the studies.ResultsA total of 13 studies involving 980 children were included. 12 behavioral related studies explored self-behavior of the firstborn children during TTS, 3 studies focused on the interaction behavior between the firstborn children and their parents, the firstborn children and the second children. The systematic reviews found that TTS showed both positive and negative effects on the behavioral characteristics of firstborn children, primarily the negative effects. Firstborn children’s anxiety, confrontation and attachment showed 3 different patterns over time, respectively. Two studies showed the increase of negative emotions of firstborn children during TTS. The time range of TTS was mainly concentrated in the third trimester to 12 months after the birth of the second child.ConclusionsThe current evidence shows that TTS primarily increases the negative emotions and behaviors of firstborn children, and the behaviors of firstborn children changes over time. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.
Objectives To describe the attitude , subjective norm and behavioral intention of ICU nurses toward mechanically ventilated patients in Chengdu. Methods The modified version of Attitude, Subjective Norm and Behavioral Intention of Nurses Toward Mechanically Ventilated Patients (ASIMP) was used to investigate ICU nurses in three tertiary-level hospitals in Chengdu. Results The attitude, subjective norm and behavioral intention among ICT nurses respectively toward mechanically ventilated patients were 69.1%, 91.3%, and 95.9%. Conclusion The attitude, subjective norm and behavioral intention of most ICT nurses toward mechanically ventilated patients were positive.
