Objective
To explore the correlation between metabolic syndrome and renal function in physical examination population.
Methods
The data of individual physical examination in West China Hospital from March to April 2015 was collected. Body mass index (BMI), glomerular filtration rate (GFR) were calculated, and the correlation between metabolic syndrome and renal function was analyzed by using SPSS 16.0 software.
Results
A total of 10?098 individuals were included, of which 1?110 were MS patients were included. The results of analysis showed that, the levels of uric acid, cholesterol, urea and creatinine in MS group were significantly higher than those in non-MS group, and the level of GFR was significantly lower than that in non-MS group (P < 0.05). Renal function in patients with abnormal systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose (FBG), low density lipoprotein, total cholesterol, triglycerides, uric acid index were significantly higher than those in normal renal function group, and high density lipoprotein cholesterol was significantly lower than that of normal renal function group (P < 0.01).
Conclusion
Elevated levels of BMI, blood pressure, glucose, uric acid are correlated with the decrease of GFR, and metabolic syndrome is an important risk factor of renal dysfunction.
Objective To explore the relationship between macro-economic indicators and incidences of adverse events linked to intrauterine devices (IUDs). Methods Data on IUD-associated adverse events were collected from a cohort study conducted between September 2005 and December 2006. Regional economic data were from the 2006 National Economic and Social Development Statistical Bulletins and Statistical Yearbooks of various regions. A total of 20,220 IUD users in 236 towns in Jiangsu, Shanghai, Guangdong, Anhui, Sichuan, and Chongqing provinces in China were included in this study. Linear correlation and regression analyses were used to analyze the relationships between regional income and total incidences of adverse events, incidences of mild adverse events, and incidences of severe adverse events. Results Incidences of total adverse events and mild adverse events were positively correlated with regional economic level (rs=0.336, Plt;0.05; rs=0.272, Plt;0.05), while incidences of severe adverse events were not correlated with regional economic level. Conclusions The positive relationship between regional economic level and reported IUD-associated mild adverse events likely reflects income-related disparities in women seeking care and receiving treatment for mild adverse events. This points to a need to improve both public health education and the quality of health services, particularly in poorer areas.
Objective
To investigate the relationship between the red blood cell distribution width (RDW) and the severity of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP).
Methods
The clinical data of 285 adult patients with CAP admitted from November 2014 to August of 2017 were analyzed retrospectively. The severity of CAP was evaluated by pneumonia severity index (PSI) score. Meanwhile, 60 cases with qualified medical examination were collected as a healthy control group. The distributions of PSI score, RDW, procalcitonin (PCT), C-reactive protein (CRP) and neutrophil percentage (NEU%) were described in the patients with different risk degree. The correlation analysis of various indicators were analyzed by Spearman correlation. The threshold of RDW(%) was calculated through the construction of the general linear regression equation. The risk factors of PSI score were analyzed with multiple linear regression.
Results
The higher the risk stratification, the higher the distribution of PSI scores, RDW, PCT, CRP and NEU% were. RDW was positively correlated with PCT, CRP, and NEU% (r values were 0.417, 0.252, 0.318, respectively, P<0.05). PSI score was positively correlated with RDW, PCT, CRP, and NEU% (r values were 0.537,0.598, 0.557, 0.482, respectively, P<0.05). RDW was positively correlated with PSI score (r=0.537, P<0.05). The thresholds of RDW(%) were 14.514 and 19.041. Multiple linear regression showed that RDW, PCT, CRP and NEU% were all influential factors of PSI scores and explained 46.9% of the total mutation rate.
Conclusion
RDW is correlated with the severity of CAP, and can predict the severity of CAP.
ObjectiveTo explore the possible association between early injury assessment indexes and the length of stay (LOS) in first-line hospitals, in order to help the hospitals take advantage of resource effectively and transfer victims reasonably during earthquakes.
MethodWe retrospectively analyzed the medical information of 3 576 traumatic patients injured in the Wenchuan Earthquake who were transferred to 242 first-line medical institutes between 14:28, May 12th and 14:30, May 19th in 2008. Three kinds of 15 variables were extracted for the analysis, including gender, age, heart or lung disease, pre-hospital time, head injury, trunk injury, open injury, crush injury, asphyxia, body temperature, heart rate, respiration, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, and Glasgow coma score. Multiple stepwise linear regression analysis was performed to identify the factors associated with LOS.
ResultsThe multiple linear regression analysis showed that age as well as other six factors affected LOS significantly (P<0.05). The partial regression coefficients of age, pre-hospital time, head injury, trunk injury, crush injury, complication of cardiac or pulmonary disease, and Glasgow coma score were -0.062, 0.157, 3.703, 4.111, 12.602, 14.762 and -1.312, respectively.
ConclusionsEarthquake trauma patients with older age, long pre-hospital time, head injury, trunk injury, heart or lung disease, crush injury, and lower Glasgow coma score are at increased risk for extended LOS.
Objective To evaluate the correlation between benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) and metabolic syndrome (MS). Methods Total 666 elderly male patients admitted to West China Hospital for routine physical examination in May, 2010 were included in this study. The related laboratory tests of BPH and MS were taken. The correlation among BPH, lower urinary tract Symptoms (LUTS), prostate volume (PV), MS and its component diseases were analyzed. Results Hypertension was an important risk factor for BPH (OR=1.309, 95%CI 1.033 to 1.661), low HDL-C hyperlipidemia was a risk factor for IPSS scored over 7 points (OR=1.573, 95%CI 0.330 to 0.997), and the score of PV was positively correlated to obesity, hypertension, low HDL-C hyperlipidemia and MS (all Plt;0.05). Conclusion For the patient with BPH, MS and its component diseases mainly exert their effects on PV changes rather than LUTS.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the relationship between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and the risk of atrial fibrillation.MethodsDatabases including PubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, CBM, VIP and WanFang Data were electronically searched to collect cohort studies on associations between subclinical thyroid dysfunction and atrial fibrillation from inception to June 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data, and evaluated risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 11 studies involving 620 874 subjects and 19 781 cases were included. Meta-analysis showed that subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.20, 95%CI 0.92 to 1.57, P=0.18) and subclinical hyperthyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.65, 95%CI 1.12 to 2.43, P=0.01). Subgroup analysis showed that for the community population, subclinical hypothyroidism was not associated with atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=1.03, 95%CI 0.84 to 1.26, P=0.81); for cardiac surgery, subclinical hypothyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation (adjusted RR=2.80, 95%CI 1.51 to 5.19, P=0.001); subclinical hyperthyroidism could increase the risk of atrial fibrillation among patients with TSH≤0.1 mlU/L (adjusted RR=2.06, 95%CI 1.07 to 3.99, P=0.03) and TSH=0.1～0.44 mlU/L (adjusted RR=1.29, 95%CI 1.01 to 1.64, P=0.04). ConclusionsSubclinical hypothyroidism is not associated with atrial fibrillation and subclinical hyperthyroidism can increase the risk of atrial fibrillation. Due to limited quantity and quality of included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusions.
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation of retinal blood vessel density with blood pressure and retinal thickness in the macular region of glaucoma. MethodsA retrospective study. From March 2019 to March 2022, 100 glaucoma patients of 100 eyes (glaucoma group) and 100 healthy people of 100 eyes (control group) diagnosed in Department of Ophthalmology of Luoyang First People's Hospital were included in the study. The patients in the glaucoma group were subdivided into the early, intermediate, and late groups based on the average visual field defect value, which were 38, 32, and 30 cases, respectively. Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to scan the macular area of the examined eyes in a 3 mm×3 mm area. The software automatically divided the retina within 3 mm of the macular central concavity into 2 concentric circles centered on the macular central concavity, which were the central concave area with a diameter of 1 mm and the paracentral concave area with a diameter of 1-3 mm. The blood flow density and retinal thickness of the superficial retinal capillary plexus in the nasal, temporal, inferior, and superior quadrants of the retina within 3 mm of the macula were measured. Blood pressure was measured at the brachial artery using an electronic sphygmomanometer. Comparisons between two groups were made by independent samples t test, and comparisons between multiple groups were made by one-way analysis of variance. Correlations between retinal blood flow density and blood pressure and retinal thickness were analyzed by Spearman's correlation analysis. ResultsThe retinal blood vessel density in the central fovea, parafoveal, inferior, and superior macular areas in the glaucoma group were lower than that in the control group, and with the aggravation of the disease, the retinal blood vessel density in the central fovea, parafoveal, inferior and superior macular areas gradually decreased; the retinal thicknesses in the foveal, parafoveal, inferior, and superior macular areas in the glaucoma group were lower than those in the control group, and with the aggravation of the disease, the retinal thicknesses in the foveal, parafoveal, inferior, and superior macular areas gradually decreased, the differences were statistically significant (P＜0.05). Systolic and diastolic blood pressure were higher in the glaucoma group than in the control group, and they increased gradually as the disease worsened (P＜0.05). Spearman's correlation analyses showed that in glaucoma patients, the density of retinal blood vessels in the macular central plexus, paracentral plexus, and inferior and superior retinas was positively correlated with retinal thickness in the corresponding areas and negatively correlated with blood pressure (P＜0.05). ConclusionThe density of retinal blood vessels in the macular central plexus, paracentral plexus, and inferior and superior retinas are positively correlated with retinal thickness in the corresponding areas and negatively correlated with blood pressure.
ObjectiveTo explore whether the vaginal environment changes of pregnant women were correlated with pathogenesis of fungal vaginitis.
MethodsWe selected 166 women in their early pregnancy in the Obstetrics and Gynaecology Clinic between July 2011 and July 2012 as the study objects (excluding fungal vaginitis patients already confirmed). Two important indicators of changes in pH and the amount of vaginal lactobacilli were chosen to determine changes in the vaginal environment. Using prospective study method, by checking changes in the vaginal environment, the objects were divided into two groups: 96 were in the changing environment group, and 70 were in the normal environment group. Sixty seven of them had a pH value lower or equal to 4.0, and 99 higher than 4.0. Fifty-eight of them had a reduced amount of lactobacillus, and 108 had a normal amount of lactobacillus. The rate of fungal vaginitis in each group was counted.
ResultsThe morbidity rate in patients whose pH value was lower than or equal to 4.0 was 17.9% (12/67), while it was 6.1% (6/99) in patients with a pH value higher than 4.0, and the difference was significant (χ2=5.804, P=0.016). The morbidity rate in patients with a reduced amount of lactobacillus was 25.9% (15/58), and it was 2.8% (3/108) in patients with normal lactobacillus, and the difference was also significant (χ2=20.800, P=0.000). The morbidity rate for patients with changing vaginal environment was 16.7% (16/96), and for those with normal environment was 2.9% (2/70), and the difference was significant (χ2=7.985, P=0.005). In those with normal lactobacillus, the reduction of pH value was not correlated with the occurrence of fungal vaginitis (χ2=0.000, P=1.000).
ConclusionThe vaginal environment changes during pregnancy (pH value decrease and Lactobacillus decrease) are associated with the incidence of fungal vaginitis, and it can be prevented and treated based on this phenomenon.
The metacor, which is developed based on the classical frequentist theory, is a specified package for performing meta-analysis of correlation coefficients in R software. This package was officially launched in 2011. Based on the DerSimonian-Laird method and Olkin-Pratt method, correlation coefficients can be directly pooled by using this package. The metacor package also can be used to draw the forest plot and is easy to use; however, it still needs to be improved. This paper briefly introduced how to perform a meta-analysis of correlation coefficients using the metacor package in R software through an example.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the correlation between adenoviral infection and encephalitis in children.
MethodsStudies on the correlation between adenoviral infection and encephalitis among children were retrieved in the databases of CHKD, CNKI, WanFang Data, CMCC, PubMed, Ovid, EBSCO, and Science New during 1978-2013. According to our inclusion and exclusion criteria, literature was screened. After data extraction, meta-analysis was conducted using Comprehensive Meta Analysis 2.0.
ResultsA total of 18 studies were enrolled. The results of meta-analysis indicated that:the prevalence of infection of human adenovirus in children with encephalitis was p1=10.8% (95%CI 6.5% to 15.2%, P < 0.000 01). The incidence of encephalitis in children with adenoviral infection was p2=31.4% (95%CI 14.1% to 48.6%, P < 0.000 01). The results of two studies showed that, the correlation coefficients between adenoviral infection and encephalitis were OR1=2.22 (95%CI 0.32 to 14.79, P > 0.05), and OR2=1.12 (95%CI 0.14 to 9.10, P > 0.05), respectively, both with no significant difference. In addition, the subgenus B adenoviruses, including type 3 and type 7 were more associated with encephalitis, followed by type 1 and type 2 in subgenus C and type 8 in subgenus D.
ConclusionCurrent evidence shows that no correlation exists between adenoviral infection and encephalitis in children. However, the above conclusion needs to be verified by conducting more rationally-designed studies so as to clarify the correlation.
