【Abstract】Objective To study the regulatory ability of peroxisome proliferatoractivated receptor γ(PPARγ) ligands to the inflammatory response in human gallbladder epithelial cells. Methods Culture human gallbladder epithelial cells and identify them . Cells were treated for 24 hours with 0, 10 μmol/L, 20 μmol/L, 30 μmol/L, 50 μmol/L and 100 μmol/L of Ciglitazone during cellular growth peak(5th day), then stimulated them with hIL-1β 5 ng/ml for 2 hours and measured the concentration of IL-6、IL-8 and TNF-α in cellular supernatants by riadioimmunoassay. Results Contrasted with control group, the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in each test group were inhibited （P＜0.001）. The IL-6 and IL-8 levels were gradually dropped and corelated with the dosage of Cigtitazone, and manifested dosagedependence (P＜0.001). The concentration of TNF-α could not be measured. Conclusion PPARγ ligands can inhibit the expression of IL-6 and IL-8 in human gallbladder epithelial cells and probably produce effect in the regulation of cholecystic inflammation.
Objective To examine the effects of carbon dioxide (CO2) pneumoperitoneum on local pancreas pathological changes, serum levels of amylase, IL-1, IL-6, and the positive rate of dissolubility adhesion molecule (CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18) expression in rats with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP). Methods Fifty healthy male SpragueDawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: CO2 pneumoperitoneum group (n=20): SAP was induced by injecting 5% sodium taurocholate through retrogradely common biliopancreatic ducts via duodenal papilla， and then CO2 pneumoperitoneum was established at a pressure of 12 mm Hg (1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa) for 30 min; SAP group (n=20): The rats were treated as same as CO2 pneumoperitoneum group, except CO2 pneumoperitoneum； Simple operation group (n=10): Laparotomy was performed and nothing was done to duodenum and pancreas except for moving them softly. The blood samples were collected for examining serum levels of amylase, IL-1, IL-6, and the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression, and histopathologic examination of pancreas was performed. Results Compared with simple operation group, the pancreatic pathologic histology score, serum levels of amylase, IL-1, IL-6, and the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression were significantly higher in CO2 pneumoperitoneum group and SAP group (P=0.000). The levels of IL-1 and IL-6 were significantly lower in CO2 pneumoperitoneum group as compared to SAP group (P=0.000). There was no significant difference between CO2 pneumoperitoneum group and SAP group in pancreatic pathologic histology score (P=0.294), the level of serum amylase (P=0.073), the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 (P=0.155) and CD11b/CD18 expression (P=0.201). Conclusion CO2 pneumoperitoneum has inhibitory effect on the levels of IL-1 and IL-6, rather than the positive rates of CD11a/CD18 and CD11b/CD18 expression in SD rats with SAP.
ObjectiveTo investigate the overall accuracy of interleukin-12 (IL-12) for diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy.
MethodsWe searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, China National Knowledge Infrastructure databases, WanFang Data, and VIP Information for qualified studies that reported diagnostic accuracy of IL-12 for tuberculous pleurisy up to February 2014. The methodological quality of each study was evaluated by Quality assessment of diagnostic accuracy studies. Statistical analyses were performed by Meta-Disc 1.4 software and the pooled sensitivity, specificity and other diagnostic indexes. Meta-analysis of the reported accuracy of each study and summary receiver operating characteristic (SROC) curve were also performed.
ResultsEight studies met the inclusion criteria for the analysis. The summary estimates for IL-12 in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy were:sensitivity 0.80 [95% CI (0.76, 0.84)], specificity 0.76 [95% CI (0.71, 0.81)], positive likelihood ratio 3.23 [95% CI (2.26, 4.60)], negative likelihood ratio 0.30 [95% CI (0.20, 0.45)], diagnostic odds ratio 13.57 [95% CI (6.66, 27.64)], and the area under the curve of SROC was 0.86.
ConclusionIL-12 plays a valuable role in the diagnosis of tuberculous pleurisy, and IL-12 may be a useful diagnostic marker for tuberculous pleurisy.
Objective
To determine the concentration of int erleukin-12(IL-12),interleukin-2(IL-2) and tumor necrosis factor(TNF)and the irpossible role in the pathogenesis of proliferative vitreoretinopathy(PVR) ．
Methods
Patients were divided into 3 groups:18 with PVR,7 with simples retinal detachment caused by macular hole and 4 samples from normal eyes were used as control.Sample s of vitreous were obtained by aspiration through pars plana before cryotherapy ,vitrectomy and gas injection and stored in liquid nitrogen at －70℃ within 30 minites for ELISA.
Results
①The levels of IL-12,IL-2，and TNF in the vitreous of PVR were positively correlated with the degree of severity of disease.②The levels of IL-12, IL-2,and TNF in the PVR were higher than those in simple retinal detachment caused by macular hole and those in control group(Plt;0.01 ).③The levels of IL-12,IL-2，and TNF in retinal detachment caused by macular hole were also higher than those in the control group(Plt;0.01).
Conclusion
IL-12,IL-2，and TNF may play a role at lease to some extent in the pathogenesis of PVR.
(Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1999,15:75-77)
Objective Melatonin (MLT) can increase the expression of cartilage-derived growth factor and stimulate the synthesis of cartilage matrix. To investigate the prevention and treatment effects of MLT on damaged cartilage through observing the expressions of bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) in articular cartilage of the rats with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods Forty SPF 4-week-old male SD rats (weighing 120-150 g) were randomly divided into 4 groups (n=10): normal control group (group A), OA group (group B), OA/pinealectomy group (group C), and OA/ pinealectomy/MLT group (group D). The rats of group A served as a control without treatment. The rats of groups B, C, andD underwent left knee joint injection of 0.2 mL 4% papain solution 1 time every other day for 2 weeks for establ ishing OAmodel. Two weeks after papain injection, the rats of groups C and D were exposed to continuous l ight for 24 hours (intensity of illumination: 500 lx) for creating pinealectomy models. And at the next day after pinealectomy model establ ishing, the rats of group D were treated with intra-articular injections of 0.2 mL 20 mg/mL MLT solution 4 times a week for 4 weeks. At 1 week after last MLT injection, the venous blood samples were taken in groups A, B, and C to test the level of serum MLT by ELISA, respectively, and then the specimens of left cartilage of femoral condyle were harvested for macroscopic, histological, and immunohistochemical examinations in 4 groups. Results The OA and pinealectomy models of rats were successfully establ ished, and all rats survived. There were significant differences in the serum MLT level among groups A, B, and C, and among different time points at the same group (P lt; 0.05). In group A, articular cartilage surface was smooth and elastic, and chondrocytes arranged regularly. In groups B and C, articular cartilage surface was rough, cartilage defects and subchondral bone exposure were observed in some areas, and chondrocytes arranged irregularly. In group D, cartilage surface was more smooth than that in groups B and C, and the degrees of cartilage defect and subchondral bone exposure decreased with regular arrangment of chondrocytes. There were significant differences in Mankin scores and integral absorbance values among 4 groups (P lt; 0.05). Conclusion Exposure to continuous l ight can accelerate degeneration process of articular cartilage of OA rats. Injections of 0.2 mL MLT solution (20 mg/mL) by intra-articular for 4 weeks can inhibit the progress of cartilage defects. Upregulationof anabol ic factor of BMP-2 as well as down-regulation of catabol ic factors of IL-1β is associated with cartilage repairin the pathological features of OA.
Objective To investigate the changes of microRNA-150 ( miR-150) in peripheral blood leukocytes in sepsis patients, and their relationship with expression of immune cytokines and sepsis severity. Methods The level of mature miR-150 was quantified by real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and normalized to that of control miRNA, U6, in peripheral blood leukocytes of 40 patients with sepsis, 20 patients with systemic inflammatory response syndrome ( SIRS) , and 20 normal individuals. Serum concentrations of tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) were measured by enzyme-linked immunoabsorbent assay in all subjects. The sequential organ failure assessment ( SOFA) score systemwas used to evaluate the severity of sepsis. The relationships between miR-150 and the white blood cell count ( WBC) , TNF-α, IL-10 and SOFA score of the sepsis patients were analyzed. Results MiR-150 was stable for at least 5 days when specimen stored at 4 ℃ and the determination of miR-150 had a broad linear detecting range ( 6. 97-6. 97 ×104 pg/ μL RNA, the lowest detecting limit: 6. 97 pg/μL RNA,r=0.999) .MiR-150 expression in the peripheral blood leukocytes in the sepsis group was significantly lower than that in the healthy control group ( Plt;0.01) , while WBC, IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-α ratio were significantly higher ( Plt;0.05) . There was no significant difference in levels of miR-150, IL-10, IL-10/TNF-α ratio, and WBC between the sepsis group and the SIRS group (Pgt;0.05) . There was no significant difference in serum concentrations of TNF-α among three groups ( Pgt;0.05) . MiR-150 expression in non-survivor sepsis patients was significantly lower than that in survivor sepsis patients (Plt;0.05) , while serum IL-10 and IL-10/TNF-αratio were significantly higher (Plt;0.01) , but there was no significant difference in serum TNF-α between the non-survivor group and the survivor group ( Pgt;0.05) . There was significantly negative correlation between miR-150 and SOFA score, TNF-α and IL-10( r=-0. 619, - 0.457, -0. 431, Plt;0.05, respectively) , but no correlation between miR-150 and WBC ( r =-0. 184, Pgt;0.05) . There was no relationship between serum TNF-α, IL-10, IL-10 /TNF-α ratio or SOFA score ( Pgt;0.05) . Conclusions MiR-150 expression in the peripheral blood specimens is significantly decreased in sepsis patients. The expression level of miR-150 not only reflect the situation of inflammatory response, but also may be used as a prognostic marker in sepsis, as it can reflect the severity of sepsis in certain degree.
【Abstract】 Objective To observe the plasma levels of adiponectin and interleukin-17 ( IL-17) in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease ( COPD) at acute exacerbation or stable stage, and analyze their relationship. Methods Sixty male COPD patients with normal weight ( with BMI range of 18. 5-24. 9 kg/m2 ) were enrolled, including 30 patients with acute exacerbations of COPD ( AECOPD) and 30 patients with stable COPD. Twenty healthy nonsmoking male volunteers were included as controls. The plasma levels of adiponectin and IL-17 as well as lung function ( FEV1% pred and RV% pred) were measured in all subjects. Results The concentrations of adiponectin and IL-17 were significantly higher in the AECOPD patients than those of the patients with stable COPD and the contro1s ( P lt; 0. 001) . Theconcentrations of adiponectin and IL-17 were significantly higher in the patients with stable COPD than those of the controls ( P lt;0. 01) . Adiponectin was positively correlated with IL-17 in the AECOPD patients ( r =0. 822, P lt;0. 001) and in the patients with stable COPD ( r =0. 732, P lt;0. 001) . Adiponectin was positivelycorrelated with RV% pred in the AECOPD patients ( rs = 0. 764, P lt;0. 001) and in the patients with stable COPD ( rs =0. 967, P lt;0. 001) . There was no significant relationship between adiponectin and FEV1% pred ( P gt;0. 05) . Conclusions The plasma level of adiponectin in COPD patients is elevated which is relatedwith excessive inflation of lung. Adiponectin may be involved in the process of inflammation in COPD as a new pro-inflammatory cytokine.
63 normal human gallbladders (non-stone group) and 47 inflammed cholesterol stone gallbladders(stone group) were assayed for the amount of macrophages(ΜΦ),the levels of tumor necro-sis factor (TNF) and interleukin 1(1L-1).It was found that in stone group,the amount of ΜΦ was significantly higher than in non-stone group(ΜΦ4101.90±295.72 vs 572.13±30.07AU,Plt;0.01).The levels of TNF and 1L-1 released mainly from the MΦ in stone group were also significantly increased in comparison with those in non-stone group(TNF 18.12±2.03 vs 4.45±0.39ng/mg,Plt;0.001;1L-1 102.42±7.84 vs 66.75±9.50u/mg protein,Plt;0.05).These results suggest that the activited ΜΦ and increases of TNF,1L-1 may be closely related to the inflammatory reaction in gallbladders and the formation of cholesterol gallstones.
Objective To investigate the changes of 8-isoprostane ( 8-isoPG) , leukotriene B4 ( LTB4 ) , TNF-α, IL-10 and hypersensitive C-reactive protein( Hs-CRP) in serum of patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome ( OSAHS) . Methods Forty OSAHS patients ( 20 cases underwent therapeutic Auto-CPAP or UPPP treatment for over three months) and 30 normal controls were included in the study. Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α and IL-10 were measured by ELISA. Hs-CRP was detected by automatic biochemistry analyzer. Results ①The serum levels of 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, Hs-CRP were significantly higher and IL-10 was considerably lower after sleep in 40 OSAHS patients [ ( 36. 59 ±14. 89) ng/L, ( 14. 75 ±6. 25) μg/L, ( 1022. 13 ±97. 57 ) ng/L, ( 2. 46 ±1. 58 ) mg/L, ( 4. 68 ±3. 42) ng/L, respectively ] than those in the normal controls [ ( 19. 91 ±7. 76 ) ng/L, ( 1. 43 ±0. 72) μg/L, ( 540. 00 ±78. 70) ng/L, ( 0. 30 ±0. 16) mg/L, ( 7. 41 ±4. 49) ng/L, respectively] ( P lt;0. 01) . ② Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels elevated gradually following the severity of OSAHS while serum IL-10 level was decreased( P lt; 0. 05) . ③Serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels in OSAHS patients after sleep were correlated positively with AHI ( r =0. 863, 0. 746, 0. 868, 0. 842,all P lt; 0. 01) and negatively with LSpO2 ( r = - 0. 623, - 0. 524, - 0. 618, - 0. 562, all P lt; 0. 01) and MSpO2 ( r = - 0. 654, - 0. 573, - 0. 537, - 0. 589, all P lt;0. 01) . SerumIL-10 level in OSAHS patients was correlated negatively with AHI ( r = - 0. 722, P lt; 0. 01) and positively with LSpO2 ( r = 0. 564, P lt; 0. 01) and MSpO2 ( r = 0. 505, P lt; 0.01) . ④ After three months of auto continuous positive air pressure( Auto-CPAP) or uvulopalatopharyngoplasty( UPPP) treatment, serum 8-isoPG, LTB4, TNF-α, and Hs-CRP levels of the OSAHS patients after sleep were obviously decreased [ ( 23. 10 ±9. 54) ng/L, ( 4. 02 ±2. 15) μg/L, ( 810. 25 ±135. 85) ng/L, ( 0. 79 ±0. 60) mg/L, respectively] , and serum IL-10 level was obviously increased[ ( 6. 93 ±3. 91) ng/L] ( P lt; 0. 01) . ⑤ serum 8-isoPG and IL-10 had no statistics difference and serum LTB4, TNF-α, Hs-CRP levels were higher in OSAHS underwent therapy compared with the normal controls. Conclusions The results suggest that inflammation and oxidative stress are activated and antiflammatory cytokines are decreased in the OSAHS patients. The serum levels of 8-isoPG, LTB4 , TNF-α, Hs-CRP and IL-10 may prove to be useful in severity monitoring and intervention efficacy judgement in OSAHS patients.
ObjectiveTo analyze the expression of VEGF, IL-33 and NO concentration after laser photocoagulation and subthreshold micropulse laser photocoagulation conventional in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) patients.MethodsA case control study. The clinical data of 39 patients of PDR and 11 patients of idiopathic macular pucker (IMP) from Department of Ophthalmology, Central Theater General Hospital during November 2015 were collected in this study. PDR patients were assigned randomly into three groups. Fifteen PDR patients with 15 eyes were treated with conventional laser as group A. Thirteen PDR patients with 13 eyes were treated with subthreshold micropulse laser as group B. Eleven PDR patients with 11 eyes without any laser therapy were grouped as C. Eleven IMP patients were grouped as D. There was no difference of age (F=0.53, P=0.23), gender ratio (χ2=0.55, P=0.91), body mass index (F=2.62, P=0.07), duration diabetes (F=0.29, P=0.75), glycoslated hemglobin (F=1.72, P=0.19) in four groups. All PDR patients were examined with FFA. Total protein was quantified by a bicinchoninic acid assay kit. Levels of VEGF, IL-33, NO were determined using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits.ResultsThere was no difference of total protein in four groups (F=1.78, P=0.17). Group C had a higher VEGF level than group A and B (F=7.84, P=0.002). Group A had a higher IL-33 level than group C (t=4.15, P=0.02). There was no difference of IL-33 level in group B and C (t=1.34, P=0.20). Group D had a lower NO level than group A, B, C (F=38.42, P＜0.001). There was no difference of NO level in group A, B and C (F=3.29, P=0.06).ConclusionsBoth conventional laser photocoagulation and subthreshold micropulse laser photocoagulation can decrease vitreous VEGF level and subthreshold micropulse laser photocoagulation can induce less IL-33 level.
