Objective To summarize and evaluate the significance of tumor necrosis factor (TNF) tolerance, and to understand the general characteristics and known molecular mechanisms of different forms of tolerance, including the roles of transcription factors, signaling systems and receptors. Method The relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years were collected and readed, and the content related to TNF tolerance was summarized. ResultsTNF tolerance could be produced after TNF pretreatment, and be divided into absolute tolerance and induced tolerance. TNF tolerance was related to a variety of interrelated and interdependent intracellular signal transduction. There was cross tolerance between TNF and lipopolysaccharide. Conclusions TNF tolerance may represent a protective mechanism, participating in the termination of inflammation and preventing excessive or persistent inflammation. TNF tolerance may also trigger immune paralysis, leading to severe inflammatory diseases, such as sepsis. The understanding of TNF tolerance can promote the diagnosis of inflammation related diseases or the implementation of treatment methods, so as to achieve more accurate evaluation and treatment.
Objective To explore the difference between the hemorheology levels and the expression of hypoxia inducible factor 1α/2α (HIF-1α/2α) in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of the Tibetan and Han patients with obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Methods This research recruited 30 high-risk Tibetan and Han patients with OSAHS, and 30 Tibetan and Han healthy volunteers at the same period. The whole blood viscometer was used to detect the high shear rate of whole blood viscosity, low shear rate of whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity ratio, red blood cell aggregation index, and hematocrit in each group. RT-qPCR and Western blot assays were used to detect the mRNA and protein levels of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), serine/threonine kinase (AKT), nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) p65, HIF-1α and HIF-2α in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results The hemorheology level of Tibetan OSAHS patients was significantly higher than that of healthy Tibetans and Han OSAHS patients (P<0.05), and the hemorheology level of Han OSAHS patients was significantly higher than that of Han healthy people (P<0.05) . The mRNA and protein levels of PI3K, AKT, NF-κB p65 and HIF-1α in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of Tibetan OSAHS patients were significantly higher than those of the healthy Tibetans or Han people, and these indexes of the Han OSAHS patients were significantly higher than those of the Han healthy people (all P<0.05), while HIF-2α mRNA and protein levels were significantly lower than those of healthy Han people (all P<0.05). Conclusion The upregulation of HIF-1α level and downregulation of HIF-2α expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of OSAHS patients depend on the activation of the PI3K/AKT/NF-κB p65 signaling pathway, and the hemorheological level of Tibetan OSAHS patients is higher than that of Han OSAHS patients.
ObjectiveTo understand the application of vacuum assisted rotary cutting technique in benign and malignant breast diseases.MethodThe related literatures about the application of vacuum assisted rotary cutting technique in the breast benign and malignant diseases were reviewed.ResultsThe technique of vacuum assisted rotary cutting had been applied to the treatment of intraductal and phyllodes tumors. The non-lactation mastitis lesions could all be removed by this technique, and as a minimally invasive treatment for gynecomastia. It could guided by the color Doppler ultrasound, mammography and MRI, which could obtain enough tissue specimens for the screening and biopsy of early breast cancer. The indication of vacuum assisted rotary cutting technique should be further discussed in the breast conserving treatment of breast cancer.ConclusionsVacuum assisted rotary cutting technique has been widely used in treatment of various benign diseases of the breast and diagnosis and treatment of breast cancer. The best indication for operation should be determined based on clinical manifestations and auxiliary examination results.
【摘要】 目的 評估吉非替尼治療終末期（PS評分≥3分）非小細胞肺癌（NSCLC）的臨床效果和生活質量改善情況。 方法 2008年5月-2010年6月共收治終末期NSCLC患者40例，其中19例患者采用吉非替尼治療（治療組），21例采用支持治療+中藥治療（對照組）。 結果 治療6個月后，治療組19例患者中，CR 1例，PR 5例，SD 10例，PD 3例。治療組有效率為31.5%（6/19），臨床受益率為84.2%（16/19）。對照組21例中，SD 5例，PD 16例，無CR。對照組有效率為23.8%（5/21），臨床受益率為 23.8%（5/21）。兩組間有效率和臨床受益率比較，差異均有統計學意義（Plt;0.05）。治療組中位生存期為13.2個月，對照組中位生存期為4.5個月。 結論 吉非替尼可延長NSCLC患者的生存期，改善其生活質量。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the curative effect and life improvement of gefitinib on non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) which in the end stage. Methods Forty patients with end-stage NSCLC were treated from May 2008 to June 2010. Nineteen patients of them were treated with gefitinib (treatment group), 21 patients were treated with supportive care and traditional Chinese medicine treatment (control group). Results Six months after treatment, there are one patient with CR, five patients with PR, 10 patients with SD and three patients with PD in the treatment group. The effective rate of treatment group was 31.5% (6/19), clinical benefit rate was 84.2% (16/19). There are five patients with SD, 16 patients with PD, and no one with CR in the control group. The effective rate of the control group was 23.8% (5/21), clinical benefit rate was 23.8% (5/21). The differences of effective rate and clinical benefit rate between two groups were statistically significant (Plt;0.05). The median survival period of the treatment group and control group were 13.2 and 4.5 months respectively. Conclusion Gefitinib can extend the lifetime of NSCLC patients and improve their quality of life.
Objective
To investigate and explore the clinical effect of preoperative exercise intervention on total hip arthroplasty.
Methods
Seventy-three patients who underwent primary unilateral total hip replacement (THR) in the Orthopedics Department, the Second Hospital of Jilin University between March 2017 and January 2018 were divided into 2 groups: treatment group (n=37) and control group (n=36). Patients in treatment group received exercise intervention and routine education since 4 weeks before surgery; the control group just received routine education before surgery and both groups underwent the same routine rehabilitation training. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was evaluated and compared separately between the two groups at 4 weeks before surgery (T0), 1 day before surgery (T1), before discharge (T2), 1 month after discharge (T3), and 3 months after discharge (T4). The results of Hip Harris score and Time Up and Go test (TUG) were evaluated and compared separately between the two groups at T0, T1, T3 and T4.
Results
Time of TUG of the treatment group and the control group at T1, T3 and T4 were (14.59±3.15) vs. (16.31±3.31) s, (13.61±2.76)vs. (15.25±3.08) s, (12.49±2.37)vs. (14.22±2.65) s, respectively, and the differences between the two groups at T1, T3 and T4 were all statistically significant (P<0.05). In terms of VAS and Harris scores, both groups showed significant improvement after surgery at different time nodes (P<0.05), but the differences between the two groups was not statistically significant (P>0.05).
Conclusion
Preoperative exercise intervention can effectively improve the walking ability of THR patients and reduce the risk of falls after discharge, but it did not reduce postoperative pain or improve postoperative hip Harris score after discharge.
ObjectiveTo investigate the application scope and effects of pancreatic duct stent in common pancreas diseases.MethodThe literatures on application of pancreatic duct stent in common pancreas diseases at domestic and foreign were reviewed.ResultsPancreatic duct stent had been used in acute and chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic tumor, which could the relieve symptoms, reduce the complications of pancreatitis, improve the prognosis, shorten the hospital stay, and reduce the hospitalization costs. Meanwhile it had also been used in pancreatic tumor surgery, palliative treatment, and brachytherapy that some achievements had been made.ConclusionAlthough application of pancreatic duct stent in some common pancreatic diseases is still controversial, effect is better and has some advantages with small trauma and low incidence of complications, which also provides a new treatment option for some common pancreatic diseases.
With the aging of the Chinese population, the incidence of vascular diseases is increasing year by year. Currently, venous diseases account for a large proportion of vascular surgical diseases. With the rapid development of venous imaging, the rapid progress of endovascular technology and the innovation of vene-related instruments, the diagnosis and treatment of venous diseases are constantly updated. As the development source and foundation of vascular surgeons, venous diseases should be paid attention to by every vascular surgeon. This paper will discuss the current research hotspots of venous surgery.
