ObjectiveTo summarize the research progress of constitutive photomorphogenesis 9 signalosome (CSN) in malignant tumor in recent years.
MethodsLiteratures about the relationship between CSN and maglinant tumor which were published in recent years were collected to make a review.
ResultsMany malignant tumors were found to have high expression level of CSN, and CSN could degrade various tumor suppressor genes, such as p53 gene, mainly through regulating the ubiquitin protein degradation pathway, which played an role in promoting tumor growth. CSN5 was the deneddylation active center of CSN, and the activity of CSN was based on the integrity of CSN, which meant CSN6 (CSN core scaffold structure) have to exist. Current study found that CSN6 could promote tumorigenesis and development through a variety of signaling pathways, and CSN5 was mainly involved in cell cycle regulation and DNA damage repair to promote tumor growth.
ConclusionsThe research of CSN in malignant tumors has lay a foundation of targeted therapies for cancer. However, the specific function of each of its subunit still remains unclear, and its upstream regulatory factors also need to be further explored.
After freatment of prosthesis replacement for 12 malignant tumer of the proximal humoral werereported. The operation were performed after the indications and methods of treatment had beendefined. All of the 12 cases were followed-up, in the average of 8 yeare. On functional evaluation , 8cases had satisfactory result , but per in 1 cases and 3 cases died from recurrence or metastasis withinfive years. The indieation of the procthetic replantation, the complications, and revision weredisecused.
Objective To improve the vigilance and awareness of malignancy presenting as dermatosis and reduce misdiagnosis. Methods Two cases of gastric cancer presenting as dermatomyositis and erythroderma respectively in the last two years were retrospectively analyzed and the relevant literatures were reviewed. Results The two patients were admitted to hospital due to skin diseases， diagnosis of gastric cancer through endoscopy， and proved to be gastric cancer associated with dermatosis by pathological examination after surgical resection. Conclusions Paraneoplastic dermatoses can be seen as an early manifestation of the internal malignancy. The patients with paraneoplastic dermatoses should be excluded visceral tumors by the means of biomarkers， endoscopy， PET/CT， and so on.
【Abstract】Objective To investigate the recent studies on the biocharacters of keratin family (e.g. genetic mutations and abnormal expressions) and their relationships with the malignant tumors. Methods The literatures of recent years on the biocharacters of keratin family (e.g. genetic mutations and abnormal expressions) and their relationships with the malignant tumors were reviewed. Results Keratin family is a kind of structural proteins in cell which plays an important role in cytomechanics and regulates cell-cycle. The mutations of keratin genes (mRNA) or the overexpression of keratin proteins would interfere with the order of cell-cycle or the integrity of cytomechanics, and lead to some diseases and malignant tumors finally. Conclusion The studies on biocharaters of keratin family (e.g. genetic mutations and abnormal expressions) are helpful in the diagnosis, staging and the evaluation of prognosis of some diseases and cancers, e.g. liver cirrhosis, breast cancer, rectum carcinoma, etc.
ObjectiveTo summarize the progress of p120-catenin (p120ctn)——a new member of catenin family in tumor research. MethodsDemestic and international published literatures related to p120ctn in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results① p120ctn was involved in formation of cadherincatenin complex, participated in cell growth, proliferation, and adheren junctions. ② p120ctn regulated Rho GTP activity and promoted cell motility. ③ p120ctn was involved in the regulation of gene transcription through binding with the nuclear transcription factor Kaiso. ④ p120ctn was involved in angiogenesis process induced by vascular endothelial growth factor. ⑤ p120ctn was involved in inflammation, cell malignant transformation, and tumor invasion and metastasis. ConclusionsAs a new member of catenin family, p120ctn participates in a variety of biological processes relying on its cellular localization. It will be facilitated to judge the genesis and progression of tumor from the abnormal alteration of p120ctn according to understanding the biological function and mechanism of p120ctn in the molecular level, a new pathway in the prevention and treatment of cancer is provided.
Objective To investigate the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in Chengdu, and get to know their epidemiological characteristics and trends, so as to provide evidence for the policy-making of tumor prevention and control. Methods The ICD-10 coding method was used to analyze the morbidity and mortality of malignant tumors in different ages, genders, areas and types, based on the surveillance data in Chengdu collected from 1990 to 2010. Results The reporting morbidity rose from 32.29/100 000 in 1990 to 171.63/100 000 in 2010, while the reporting mortality rose from 87.03/100 000 in 1990 to 177.51/100 000 in 2010. Liver cancer was seen with the highest morbidity and mortality rate in Chengdu in 2010. The mortality of cancer was higher in male than in female (233.49/100 000 vs. 121.12/100 000). No significant differences were observed between city and rural areas (177.84/100 000 vs. 176.95/100 000). Conclusion The morbidity and mortality rates of tumor are rising year by year, and tumor has become the main disease threatening people’s health. It is suggested that earlier prevention and control measures should be implemented as soon as possible.
Objective To observe the toxic and side effects during the continuous hyperthermic peritoneal perfusion chemotherapy (CHPPC).Methods Abdominal paracentesis and catheterization were performed under ultrasound guidance, then CHPPC was carried out, which was in temperature of 42-44 ℃ for 1 h. The changes of body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, saturation of blood oxygen and respiratory frequency were recorded in 109 patients during and after perfusion, meanwhile symptoms and physical signs of abdominal region and system status such as abdominal tenderness, rebound tenderness were observed. Results There were no significant differences of body temperature, heart rate, blood pressure, saturation of blood oxygen or respiratory frequency between before and after perfusion (Pgt;0.05). There were 25 patients with abdominal pain, but in which only 3 patients with symptoms of acute abdomen, 26 patients with gastrointestinal symptoms, 20 patients with myelosuppression, and others (22 cases) with aches of puncture position which were released by symptomatic treatment. Conclusion There are less toxic and side effect and better tolerance in patients with CHPPC application 1 month after operation.
【Abstract】ObjectiveTo discuss the molecular structures and functions of Alu repeats,and its relationships with malignant tumors. MethodsAdvances in molecular biology and oncology of Alu repeats in recent years had been reviewed. ResultsHomologous recombination between Alu repeats may result in various genetic exchanges,including duplications, deletions and translocations,cause a series of malignancy alteration by activating some oncogenes. ConclusionAlu repeats as a sort of multifunction regulatory sequences may play an important role during the carcinogenesis and progression of some tumors.
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the styles and affecting factors of bone union after massive frozen allografting for skeletal reconstruction owing to excision of bone tumor. METHODS: From 1992 to 1999, 85 patients suffering from bone malignant tumor were given the excision of large bone segment and treated with allografting in different methods of operation: large bone allografts with condylar articular surface in 16 cases, osteoarticular allografts in 57 cases, bone allografts in combination with prosthetic replacement of hip in 9 cases, and prosthetic replacement of knee in 3 cases. The average follow-up was 2 years and 9 months. The union time and styles of host-donor junction were determined by X-ray characters, and the results of operations were assessed according to Enneking’s functional evaluation system of reconstructive procedures after surgical treatment of tumors for the musculoskeletal system. RESULTS: There were 4 kinds of basic bone union styles by the X-ray characters, there were no significant difference in the time span of bone union after fixation with different methods. Of the 85 fresh-frozen allografting procedures, more than 80% of the patients were treated with interlocked intramedullary nail and allograft-prosthesis combination, and the overall result was excellent and good. Sufficient blood supply was important for host-donor junction healing, but the function of immune response was uncertain. CONCLUSION: There were different styles of bone union after massive allografting. The recommended operative methods for massive allografts are stable internal fixation, sufficient blood supply, soft tissue repair and periosteal flap coverage.
Objective To study the effect of immunogene therapy on the improvement of the outcome of malignant tumor. Methods Literatures about immunogene therapy of malignant tumor were collected and reviewed. Results The major methods of immunogene therapy of malignant tumor were as follows： ①Transference of cytokin genes into lymphocytes. ②Genetically engineered autologous tumor cells used as vaccine. ③Combined gene therapy.Conclusion The therapeutic effect of malignant tumor can be improved by immunogene therapy.
