Objective To summarize the research status of circular RNAs (circRNA) in resistance to targeted combined immunotherapy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). MethodsRelevant literatures at home and abroad were retrieved to review the regulatory role and molecular mechanisms of circRNA in resistance to targeted combined immunotherapy for HCC. ResultsAs a class of non-coding RNAs featuring high stability and strong tissue specificity, circRNA mediate resistance to targeted combined immunotherapy in HCC via multiple regulatory mechanisms, including the modulation of cell apoptosis, activation of the growth factor signaling pathway, and induction of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. ConclusionscircRNA interfere with proliferation and survival pathways and reshape the tumor microenvironment through diverse mechanisms, serving as core regulatory factors in resistance to targeted combined immunotherapy for HCC. circRNA is expected to become biomarker for predicting HCC drug resistance and targets for therapeutic intervention, providing important support for breaking through the bottleneck of combined therapy resistance.
