Objective To understand the situation and technical level of aeromedical rescue in medical institutions in Qinling-Daba mountainous area. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted on the staff of medical institutions of the medical consortium of Renmin Hospital of Hubei University of Medicine, located in Qinling-Daba mountainous area between June and September 2023. The basic information and development, demand, and knowledge mastery of aeromedical rescue were investigated. Results A total of 45 medical institutions participated in the research, 500 questionnaires were sent out, and 479 valid questionnaires were recovered, with an effective rate of 95.8%. Among them, there were 7 tertiary hospitals, 23 secondary hospitals, and 15 township health institutions; 11 medical institutions had participated in aeromedical rescue, and 17 hospitals had participated in aerial rescue drills. The survey subjects were mainly from emergency departments and intensive care medicine departments, women, aged>30 and ≤40 years old, undergraduate students, intermediate professional titles, and doctors. Twenty-one medical workers had received formal training in aeromedical rescue skills, 77 had received short-term theoretical and practical training, 123 had participated in short-term simulation exercises, and 93 had participated in aeromedical rescue activities. There was a statistically significant difference among the scores of first aid knowledge, aviation flight knowledge, and aeromedical rescue knowledge (9.34±0.35 vs. 4.65±2.91 vs. 3.28±3.44; F=15.048, P=0.001). There were statistically significant differences between first aid knowledge and aviation flight knowledge, as well as between first aid knowledge and aeromedical rescue knowledge (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference between aviation flight knowledge and aeromedical medical rescue knowledge (P>0.05). Conclusion There is an urgent demand for aviation rescue in medical institutions in Qinling-Daba mountainous area, and there is a shortage of professionals, so it is necessary to strengthen the training, rehearsal and practice of aeromedical rescue.
摘要:目的：評價圍手術期預防性應用抗菌藥物現狀及合理性。方法：采用回顧性調查的方法，隨機抽查2009年度Ⅰ類切口手術圍手術期病案500份，設計外科圍手術期預防性應用抗生素調查表，對預防用藥的適應證、用藥種類、聯合用藥、給藥時機及持續時間進行統計分析。結果：未使用抗生素5例，預防性使用抗生素495例，其中不合理80例（16.00％）。預防性使用抗生素總品規數為540，其中頭孢菌素類453例（83.89%），青霉素類（包括加酶抑制劑）26例（4.81%），喹諾酮類44例（8.15%）。選用頭孢唑啉鈉178例（32.96%）居第一位，頭孢替唑鈉第二，151例（2796%）。結論：Ⅰ類切口手術患者圍手術期預防性使用抗菌藥物較為合理，但仍存在用藥指征把握不嚴，抗菌藥物的選擇、抗菌藥物使用時間較長等問題，有待進一步規范化管理。Abstract: Objective: To understand the current application of perioperative preventive antibiotics, and their rationality. Methods: Five hundred perioperative records of patients with incision Ⅰ were randomly chosen and surveyed in 2009. A questionnaire for prophylactic use of antimicrobial was designed. The indication of antimicrobial use, the species, combination, timing and drug duration were analyzed. Results: Our of 500, 495 used antimicrobial and 80 were unreasonable; 540 kinds of antimicrobial were used, included cephalosporin 453 cases (83.89%), penicillin class (including plus enzyme inhibitors) in 26 cases (4.81%), quinolone 44 cases (8.15%). Cefazolin sodium (178 patients, 32.96%) ranked first, second was cefazolin sodium (151, 27.96%). Conclusion: Perioperative use of antimicrobial prophylaxis in patients with incision Ⅰ is reasonable, but standardization management should be strengthened in the indication, species, and duration.
ObjectiveTo investigate the incidence, severity and longitudinal trajectories of symptoms at various time points in the perioperative period of lung cancer patients, and to provide scientific basis for clinical staff to implement predictive nursing and dynamic management of symptom clusters. MethodsA prospective longitudinal investigation was conducted. The patients with lung cancer who underwent thoracoscopic lung surgery in four wards of the Department of Thoracic Surgery in our hospital were investigated by face-to-face and telephone follow-up before surgery, 1-2 days after surgery, on the day of discharge and 2 weeks after discharge. The investigation tool was the revised Chinese version of MD Anderson Symptom Inventory lung cancer specific module. Results A total of 192 patients with lung cancer were included in this study, including 59 males and 133 females, with an average age of (55.68±11.01) years. There were two symptom clusters (respiratory-gastrointestinal and emotional/psychological-disturbed sleep symptom clusters) before surgery, three symptom clusters (respiratory, gastrointestinal, and emotional/psychological-disturbed sleep symptom clusters) 1-2 days after surgery, three symptom clusters (pain-fatigue-emotional/psychological, respiratory, and gastrointestinal symptom clusters) on the day of discharge, and two symptom clusters (pain-fatigue-respiratory and respiratory symptom clusters) 2 weeks after discharge. The composition of symptoms was different in each time point during perioperative period. ConclusionThere are four symptom clusters in patients with lung cancer during perioperative period, which are pain-fatigue-disturbed sleep symptoms, gastrointestinal symptoms, respiratory symptoms and emotional/psychological symptoms. The symptom clusters of lung cancer patients at different time points are relatively stable, but the symptoms within the symptom clusters show dynamic changes. Medical staff should attach great importance to and continuously monitor the dynamic changes of perioperative symptom groups of lung cancer patients, do relevant education and nursing in advance, and timely adjust the management plan according to the symptom group evaluation results.
Objective To investigate critical thinking disposition inventory on medical students to offer evidence for building a medical education model with core competency as guide, evidence-based medicine as carrier and lifelong learning as purpose. Methods Chinese Version of Critical Thinking Disposition Inventory was used to investigate the current status of critical thinking of 617 medical undergraduates and graduates of Sichuan University. Results The average total score was more than 280 points. Average total scores of medical students in different educational systems from high to low were 309 points (eight-year-program), 298 points (postgraduates), 287 points (seven-year-program) and 286 points (five-year-program), respectively. The scores of three items including “seek truth”, “systematicity” and “confidence” were lower than 40 points in students both of five-year-program and seven-year program. There was no significant difference in total scores and each item between genders and varied ages. Conclusion The main factors which influence critical thinking in medical students of China include education idea, teaching atmosphere, teaching methods and teaching evaluation system.
ObjectiveTo investigate the medical quality of rehabilitation departments in medical institutions at all levels in Shenzhen and analyze the problems, so as to promote the continuous improvement of rehabilitation care quality in this city.MethodsFrom September to November 2019, a field investigation was carried out in 53 rehabilitation departments in Shenzhen. Five dimensions were scored by experts, including professional capacity, rules and regulations, knowledge and skills, supervision and feedback, and hospital infection control. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to characterize the data, and one-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the difference among different level hospitals.ResultsThe average score of rehabilitation medical care quality in Shenzhen was 83.98±8.28. The average score of tertiary, secondary, and primary hospitals were 85.61±7.02, 84.54±7.83, and 77.55±10.60, respectively, and the difference among different level hospitals was statistically significant (P<0.05). According to the standard score, the highest score was in the dimension of supervision feedback (95.75±6.50), and the lowest score was in the dimension of knowledge and skills (77.27±14.64).ConclusionThe overall quality of rehabilitation care in Shenzhen needs to be improved, and the management and professional training systems need to be established.
ObjectivTo investigate the incidence of depression and its etiological factors in patients with hypospadias after operation.
MethodsFrom January to June 2015, we investigated the incidence of depression symptoms among patients with hypospadias after surgical treatment from January 1990 to December 1994 in Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, and we matched them with mentally healthy adults of the same age to 1:1 ratio. Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale and Correlation Factor Questionnaire were used to investigate and analyze the related factors of depression symptoms between the patients with hypospadias and the healthy males.
ResultsA total of 80 patients with hypospadias after surgical treatment and 80 healthy males as control were included. There were no significant differences in male secondary sexual development, testis development, serum testosterone levels and postoperative length and girth of the penis in two groups. The incidence rate of depression symptoms was 45.0% (16/80) in the hypospadias patients after operation, extremely significantly higher than 6.3% (5/80) in the control group (χ2=6.632, P=0.01). The result of multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that the main risk factors of depression symptoms were worries about dissatisfaction with penile and scrotal appearance (F=16.210 3, P=0.001), sexual satisfaction (F=4.621 2, P=0.036) and sexual function (F=4.103 2, P=0.043).
ConclusionSymptoms of depression often occur in hypospadias patients after operation, and the major etiological factors are dissatisfaction with penile and scrotal appearance, sexual satisfaction and sexual function.
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence and risk factors of sever early childhood caries (SECC) among 3 to 5 years old children of Uyghur and Han in Kashi city, and to provide scientific basis for the establishment of oral hygiene policies for caries prevention and diagnostic among children.
MethodsAccording to the basic methods of Third National Oral Health Investigation in 2005, a stratified multistage cluster randomly sampling design was applied. The deciduous caries of 893 Uyghur and Han children aged from three to five in ten kindergartens of Kashi city were clinically examined. Data were collected by questionnaire from their parents, and the result analyzed using SPSS 17.0 software.
ResultsThe caries prevalence rate of primary tooth was 74.69% and the total prevalence of SECC was 39.19%. The risk factors for SECC include lower age (OR=1.537, 95% CI 1.132 to 2.086, P=0.006), the more frequencies of drinking coke (OR=1.448, 95% CI 1.008 to 2.080, P=0.045), eating fruits (OR=1.840, 95% CI 1.347 to 2.512, P=0.000), drinking milk (OR=1.794, 95% CI 1.311 to 2.456, P=0.000), and before bedtime eating or after brush eating (OR=1.833, 95% CI 1.199 to 2.802, P=0.005), as well as the higher age of starting brush (OR=2.053, 95% CI 1.448 to 2.910, P=0.000). The protective factors for SECC include the more frequency of brushing (OR=0.612, 95% CI 0.445 to 0.844, P=0.003), and higher household income (OR=0.526, 95% CI 0.423 to 0.654, P=0.000).
ConclusionThere is a high prevalence of SECC in Kashi city. It is necessary to strengthen the prevention and education activities, and perform early preventive works for caries disease of children.
Objective To evaluate the current status of human resources in healthcare-associated infection prevention and control (infection control) in Jiangxi Province, and explore the impact of emergency public health events on the human resources of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions. Methods From October 1st to 31st, 2023, questionnaire and on-site interviews were conducted to investigate the human resources situation of infection control professionals in various levels and types of medical institutions in Jiangxi Province. Three stages were selected for the investigation: before the outbreak of COVID-19 (before the event, December 2019), during the event (June 2022), and after the transition of COVID-19 (after the event, June 2023), focusing on the characteristics of human resources between before the event and after the event by the comparative analysis. Results Finally, 289 medical institutions were included. There was a statistically significant difference in the number of infection control professionals in medical institutions among 2019, 2022, and 2023 (χ2=189.677, P<0.001). The number of infection control professionals in 2019 was lower than that in 2022 (P<0.001) and 2023 (P<0.001), but there was no statistically significant difference between 2022 and 2023 (P=0.242). The number of infection control professionals per thousand beds in 2019, 2022, and 2023 was 4.40, 6.16, and 5.76, respectively. There was no statistically significant difference between 2019 and 2023 in terms of professional titles, gender, educational level, or professional background (P>0.05). Conclusion Emergency public health events have promoted the increase in the number of infection control professionals, but there is no statistical significance in the professional titles, educational level, or professional background of infection control professionals.
ObjectiveThough investigating the causes of untreated congenital heart disease among children aged 3–14 years in Panzhihua city, to provide the basis for formulating intervention measures in the next step.MethodsA survey was conducted on the children aged 3 to 14 years in Panzhihua city from March 2015 to December 2017. The causes of untreated congenital heart disease were analyzed. Results Of 148 children with untreated congenital heart diseases, 82 were found to have congenital heart disease or heart murmur before screening. Among them, 59 parents (71.95%) thought that hospitalization was expensive; 42 parents (53.84%) thought that their children were asymptomatic and did not need treatment. Doctors suggested that 13 children (15.85%) be observed. Sixty-six patients of congenital heart disease were found for the first time in this screening, with an average age of 7.11±1.23 years. The patients in the rural population (n=44, 81.82%) were significantly more than the patients in the urban (n=12, 18.18%, P<0.01). Atrial septal defect ranked the first among the diseases, and 45 (68.18%) children did not regularly participate in child health care after birth.ConclusionMost families with untreated congenital heart disease in Panzhihua city think that the cost of treatment is high and there is no need for treatment. And most of them do not participate in child health care regularly. Atrial septal defect ranks first among the diseases. Free screening and treatment of congenital heart disease is of great significance in Panzhihua city.
ObjectiveTo investigate the knowledge of drug safety among parents of some children with epilepsy in Henan Province, and to provide a basic advice for drug safety and health education for children with epilepsy.sMethodUsing a questionnaire to parents of epilepsy children from the Children's Hospital in Henan Province and the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University in July 2019, a total of 336 questionnaire were conducted by the professionals responsible for after the training, including parents and children basic situation, drug habits and attitudes, medication safety consciousness and antibiotic drug use knowledge.Results320 questionnaire were collected, 314 of which were valid questionnaires, with an effective rate of 98.1%. 66 (21%) of parents chose juice or milk for oral administration, and 87 (27.7%) of parents chose sugar water. 104 (33.1%) of the parents chose to stop the medication immediately after the child's condition improved. 126 (40.1%) of parents believe that combination of two or more antibiotics is more effective, 178 (56.7%) of parents will give their children antibiotics when they have a cold or fever, and more than 254 (80%) of parents are not aware of adverse reactions to antibiotics.ConclusionIn the investigation, the parents of children with epilepsy in Henan Province still have insufficient knowledge of safe drug use, and there are many non-standard drug use behaviors. Local medical professionals for epilepsy should be strengthened to guide and monitor the children and their parents.
