Objective To understand the latest research developments of the formation mechanism of psammoma body in human tumors and related issues. Methods Related domestic and foreign literatures were widely referred, analyzed, and reviewed. Results Psammoma body is unique pathological calcification in some tumors, which is arranged in concentric, laminar circles microscopically. Psammoma body is commonly seen in thyroid papillary carcinoma, meningiomas, ovarian serous papillary carcinoma, and so on. Conclusions Although arranged in concentric, laminar circles microscopically in tumor, the formation process of psammoma body is not entirely the same in different tumors. A comprehensive and objective understanding of psammoma body would be useful in cancer diagnosis and treatment.
Objective To explore the status of women’s quality of life and analyze risk factors related diminished ovarian reserve (DOR). Methods We applied the method of convenient sampling to investigate 61 patients with DOR (DOR group) and 60 women with normal ovarian reserve function (control group) who visited a reproductive centre of a Triple-A hospital from February to May 2013, using a questionnaire which included basic information table, Menopausal Quality of Life Scale (MENQOL) and SF-36 Health Survey for quality of life, and Kupperman Index Scale (KI) for the degree of clinical symptoms. Then, statistical analysis was performed using SPSS 17.0 software. Results Compared with the control group (43.60±16.82), the level of women’s quality of life in the DOR group (73.42±24.15) was significantly lower (Plt;0.01), while the degree of clinical symptoms was significantly higher (Plt;0.01). There were positive associations between quality of life and degree of clinical symptoms. The risk factors related to DOR were various such as age, weight, quality of sleep, menstrual disorders, number of abortion, age of the first pregnancy, gynecologic surgery, economic income, education, family relationship, unsatisfactory sexual life, and psychological factors. Conclusion In order to improve women’s quality of life, effective treatment should be conducted to relieve clinical symptoms of women with DOR. Good life style, harmonious family relationship, healthy mind and avoiding the risk factors, which could effectively help the prevention and treatment of the disease.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the efficacy of acupuncture for PCOS infertility.MethodsPubMed, EMbase, The Cochrane Library, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of acupuncture for PCOS infertility from inception to January 5th, 2020. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed risk of bias of included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 28 RCTs involving 2 192 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that compared with western medicine alone, acupuncture could increase the pregnancy rate (RR=1.80, 95%CI 1.45 to 2.23, P<0.000 01) and ovulation rate (RR=1.33, 95%CI 1.15 to 1.54, P=0.000 1), and reduce levels of LH (SMD=?0.62, 95%CI ?0.96 to ?0.28, P=0.000 4) and LH/FSH (SMD=?0.65, 95%CI ?1.02 to ?0.29, P=0.000 5). Acupuncture combined with western medicine could increase the pregnancy rate (RR=1.75, 95% CI 1.50 to 2.03, P<0.000 01) and ovulation rate (RR=1.29, 95%CI 1.18 to 1.41, P<0.000 01), decrease levels of LH (SMD=?1.09, 95%CI ?1.64 to ?0.53, P=0.000 1), LH/FSH (SMD=?1.30, 95%CI ?2.35 to ?0.25, P=0.02), and levels of T (SMD=?1.13, 95%CI ?1.59 to ?0.66, P<0.000 01).ConclusionsCurrent evidence shows that acupuncture alone or combined with western medicine can significantly improve ovulation rate, pregnancy rate and reduce hormone level. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high-quality studies are required to verify above conclusions.
Objective To systematically review the diagnostic value of 18F-FDG PET/CT in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer after treatment. Methods The PubMed, EMbase, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect diagnostic tests of 18F-FDG PET/CT for epithelial ovarian cancer from inception to February 2023. Two reviewers independently screened the literature, extracted data, and assessed the risk of bias of the included studies. Meta-analysis was then performed using Meta-Disc 1.4 and Stata 15.0 software. Results A total of 15 studies involving 792 patients were included in this study. The results of meta-analysis showed that the sensitivity, specificity, and area under the curve of 18F-FDG PET/CT in the diagnosis of recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer were 0.88 (95%CI 0.85 to 0.90), 0.80 (95%CI 0.75 to 0.85) and 0.91, respectively. The results of the subgroup analysis showed that the sensitivity of the prospective studies was the same as that of the retrospective studies, but the specificity of the prospective studies was higher than that of the retrospective studies. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 18F-FDG PET/CT in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer were higher in Asian studies than in European/North American studies. Conclusion 18F-FDG PET/CT has high diagnostic value in recurrent epithelial ovarian cancer. Due to the limited quantity and quality of the included studies, more high-quality studies are needed to verify the above conclusion.
ObjectiveTo systematically review the association of micronucleus and polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).MethodsPubMed, OVID, Elsevier, CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM databases were electronically searched to collect case-control studies on the association of micronucleus and PCOS. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the risk of bias of included studies, then, meta-analysis was performed by using RevMan 5.3 software.ResultsA total of 5 case-control studies were included, in which 170 patients were in the case group and 148 in the control group. The results of meta-analysis showed: there were significant differences between the two groups for micronucleus frequency (MD=2.02%, 95%CI 1.63% to 2.41%, P<0.000 01) in peripheral blood lymphocytes and micro nucleated cells frequency (MD=2.43%, 95%CI 0.10% to 4.76%, P=0.04) in oral epithelial cells.ConclusionThe current evidence shows that micronucleus is associated with PCOS. Due to limited quality and quantity of the included studies, more high quality studies are needed to verify above conclusion.
Objective To make an individualized therapeutic regimen for a patient with stage III relapsed ovarian cancer guided by evidence-based medicine.Methods According to the clinical problems this patient showed and the PICO (patient, intervention, comparison and outcome) principle, the best clinical evidence associated with relapsed ovarian cancer was retrieved and evaluated. Results The current evidence showed that the relapsed ovarian cancer with platinum resistance tended to be treated by pharmacotherapy. Consequently, on the basis of combining the recommended guidelines, randomized controlled trials (RCTs), systematic reviews or meta-analyses on RCTs, clinical experience from doctors and willingness of patient, the regimen of Irinotecan plus Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin for interventional chemotherapy was recommended for this patient. After three courses of the treatment, the disease got some relieved; the medical team would like to keep conducting the same regimen for another six to eight courses, and the follow-up visit was undergoing. Conclusion For patients with relapsed ovarian cancer with platinum resistance, an individualized therapeutic regimen under the guidance of evidence-based methods can not only improve the therapeutic efficacy but also guide both doctors and patients to take the indeterminate risk of medicine.
Objective To construct and verify the diagnostic model of preoperative malignant risk of ovarian tumors, so as to improve the diagnostic efficiency of existing test indexes. Methods The related serological indicators and clinical data of patients with ovarian tumors confirmed by pathology who were treated in the Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University between January 2019 and September 2023 were retrospectively collected, and the patients were randomly divided into a training set and a verification set at a 7∶3 ratio. Logistic regression was used to construct a diagnostic model in the training set, and the diagnostic efficacy of the model was verified through discrimination, calibration, clinical benefit, and clinical applicability evaluation. Results A total of 929 patients with ovarian tumors were included, including 318 cases of malignant ovarian tumors and 611 cases of benign ovarian tumors. The patients were randomly divided into a training set of 658 cases and a validation set of 271 cases. A diagnostic model was constructed using logistic regression in the training set, containing 5 factors namely age, percentage of neutrophil (NEU%), fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR), carbohydrate antigen 125 (CA125), and human epididymis protein 4 (HE4): modelUAM=?3.211+0.667×age+2.966×CA125+0.792×FAR+1.637×HE4+0.533×NEU%, with a Hosmer-Lemeshow test P-value of 0.21. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve measured in the training set was 0.927 [95% confidence interval (0.903, 0.951)], the sensitivity was 0.947, and the specificity was 0.780. The area under the ROC curve of the validation set was 0.888 [95% confidence interval (0.840, 0.930)], the sensitivity was 0.744, and the specificity was 0.901. Conclusion A new quantitative tool based on age, NEU%, FAR, CA125 and HE4 can be used for the clinical diagnosis of ovarian malignant tumors, and it is helpful to improve the diagnostic efficiency and is worth popularizing.
ObjectiveTo explore the value of ultrasonic score, blood vessels and vascular resistance index in predicting and diagnosing benign and malignant ovarian tumor.
MethodsA total of 157 patients with ovarian tumors (77 benign and 80 malignant) aged from 19 to 68 years old (average 56 years) between January 2008 and June 2012 were enrolled in the research. The ultrasonic score, blood vessels and vascular resistance index were recorded, and the differences between benign and malignant tumor were compared according to the pathological diagnosis; Their sensitivities and specificities were analyzed with the preoperative prediction.
ResultsIn benign ovarian tumor, ultrasound scores and blood vessels index were obviously lower than that in the malignant tumor (P<0.05); the vascular resistance index was much higher than that in the malignant tumor (P<0.05). The sensitivities and specificities in diagnosing malignant tumor were high when the ultrasonic score was ≥ 2, vascular index was>0.02/cm3, and blood flow resistance index was ≤ 0.6. The sensitivities were 92.5%, 90.0%, 87.5%, respectively; while the specificities were 90.9%, 89.6%, 84.4%, respectively.
ConclusionUltrasonic score, blood vessels and vascular resistance index have significance for identifying benign and malignant ovarian tumors; ultrasonic score is more accurate which has high value of clinical application and popularization.
