【摘要】 目的 了解外科圍手術期預防性使用抗菌藥物現狀,評估其用藥合理性。 方法 隨機抽取2009年1-12月265例外科手術患者病歷,根據《抗菌藥物臨床應用指導原則》和《衛生部辦公廳關于抗菌藥物臨床應用管理有關問題的通知》對抗菌藥物使用進行合理性評價。 結果 265例外科手術患者均使用了抗菌藥物,使用率為100%,外科圍手術期預防用抗菌藥物不合理率為63.89%,存在的主要問題是用藥指征過寬、起點過高、手術前預防用藥時間不當、術后預防用藥時間過長及盲目聯合用藥。 結論 外科圍手術期抗菌藥物預防性使用不合理現象突出,應積極開展合理使用抗菌藥物培訓,加強抗菌藥物使用管理,規范圍手術期抗菌藥物的使用,從而提高外科圍手術期抗菌藥物使用合理性。【Abstract】 Objective To know the status of prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents in perioperative patients, and to evaluate the medication rationality. Methods The medical records of 265 patients who underwent the surgeries from January to December 2009 were randomly extracted, and the medication rationality was evaluated according to "Guiding Principles of Clinical Use of Antibiotics" and "Notice of Medical Department Office about Antibiotics Clinical practice Management Related Questions". Results All of the 265 perioperative patients were treated with antimicrobial drugs with a utilization rate of 100.00%, and the unreasonable rate of perioperative prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents was 63.89%. The main reasons included over-extended medication indications, high starting points, inappropriate time points of prophylactic medication, long duration of prophylactic medication and unreasonable drug combination. Conclusion The perioperative prophylactic use of antimicrobial agents is clinically unreasonable. It is necessary to carry out training on the rational use of antimicrobial agents to enhance the management of antimicrobial drug use and regulate the use of antimicrobial agents in perioperation.
【摘要】 目的 了解圍手術期預防性應用抗菌藥物的現狀并評價其合理性。 方法 采用回顧性調查的方法,隨機抽查2009年1-12月500例Ⅰ類切口圍手術期患者資料,填寫設計的《外科圍手術期預防性應用抗菌藥物調查表》,對預防用藥的適應證、用藥種類、聯合用藥、給藥時機及持續時間進行統計分析。 結果 500例中,未使用抗菌藥物5例,預防性使用抗菌藥物495例,不合理或欠合理80例(16.00%)。預防性使用抗菌藥物總例次為540,其中頭孢菌素類453例次(83.89%),青霉素類(包括酶抑制劑)26例次(4.81%),喹諾酮類44例次(8.15%),林可酰胺類17例次(3.15%)。頭孢唑啉鈉使用178例次(32.96%)居第1位,頭孢替唑鈉使用151例次(27.96%)。 結論 Ⅰ類切口手術圍手術期預防性使用抗菌藥物較為合理,但仍存在用藥指征把握不嚴,抗菌藥物的選擇、使用時間較長等問題,有待進一步規范化管理。【Abstract】 Objective To evaluate the prophylactic application of antibiotics during the perioperative period of type I incisions. Methods The clinical data of 500 patients with type I incisions from January to December of 2009 were retrospectively analyzed by self-designed questionnaire survey. The indication of antibiotics usage, choice of antibiotics categories, combination of antibiotics,giving time and length of antibiotics usage were analyzed. Results In 500 patients, only 5 were not given antibiotics, 80 (16%) were given antibiotics unnecessarily. In 540 patients who had underwent the antibiotic administration, 453 (16%) were administrated with cephalosporins, 44 (8.15%) were with fluoroquinolones, 26 (4.81%) were with penicillins, and 17 (3.15%) were with lincomycins. Cefazolin, the most used antibiotics, was given in 178 patients (32.96%)。Ceftezole was given in 151 patients (27.96%). Conclusion The prophylactic application of antibiotics during the perioperative period of type I incisions is basically rational, however, there were also some problems, such as using antibiotics unnecessary, mischoice of antibiotics and using antibiotics too long. Thus, we need management of prophylactic antibiotics usage.