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正常人視網膜超氧化物歧化酶與丙二醛測定

Intermittent Hypoxic Preconditioning Alleviates Hepatic Ischemia Reperfusion Injury after Partial Hepatectomy in Rats by Antioxidant Pathways

目的探討間斷低氧預適應對大鼠肝大部切除術后殘余肝臟合并缺血再灌注引發過氧化損傷的保護作用。 方法78只SD大鼠，用SPSS軟件將其隨機分為4組：假手術組（SO組，n=6）、肝切除組（PH組，n=24）、肝切除合并缺血再灌注損傷組（IR組，n=24）和間斷低氧預適應組（IHP組，n=24）。以無創傷血管夾阻斷IR組大鼠入肝血流后切除肝臟的左葉和中葉（約占全肝的70%），20 min后開放入肝血流，殘余肝臟發生了缺血再灌注損傷。將IHP組大鼠暴露于10%的低氧環境中，每日持續1 h，連續進行1周，最后1次低氧暴露后行肝切除術（同IR組）。SO組大鼠在術后2 h取材檢測，其余各組分別于術后2、6、12及24 h進行檢測。檢測血清轉氨酶（ALT、AST）水平和肝勻漿組織中超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性及丙二醛（MDA）含量。 結果術后2 h，PH組、IR組和IHP組大鼠血清ALT和AST水平均高于SO組（P<0.05）。在術后6、12和24 h，IHP組大鼠血清ALT和AST均高于PH組，但低于IR組（均P<0.05）。與IR組相比，IHP組大鼠術后各時間點殘余肝臟中SOD活性明顯升高，而MDA含量則顯著降低（均P<0.05）。 結論間斷低氧預適應對殘余肝臟缺血再灌注損傷具有保護作用，其機理可能與提高肝臟的抗氧化能力有關。

實驗性視網膜脫離組織脂質過氧化與Na+-k+-轉運ATP酶活性的改變

Effects of MDA， SOD and TNF-α on The Experimental Models of Pancreatic Encephalopathy

Objective To study the effects of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) on brain tissue in rats with pancreatic encephalopathy (PE). Methods Thirty-six Wistar rats were randomly divided into control group (n=6) and PE model group (n=30). In control group, rats were injected with normal saline by internal carotid artery (0.1 ml/100 g) and were killed on the first day after the injection. In PE model group, rats were injected with phospholipases A2 (0.1 ml/100 g, 1 000 U/0.1 ml) by internal carotid artery, to establish animal model of PE in rat and 10 rats were killed on day 1, 3, 7 respectively after the injection. The changes of water content in the brain were measured. Leucocytes aggregation and margination in the microvessels, and the changes of cerebral cells and nerve fibers were observed. The levels of MDA, TNF-α and the activity of SOD were tested in the brain homogenate in rats. Results In PE model group, water contents of brain increased; The phenomena of leucocytes accumulation and margination, cellular edema of neurons and demyelination of nerve fibers became more obvious; The levels of MDA and TNF-α increased significantly than those in the control group, while the activity of SOD reduced (P＜0．05， P＜0.01)． Conclusion Inthe rat model of PE, MDA, SOD, and TNF-α play important roles on the occurrence and development of brain injury.

EFFECT OF ECDYSTERONE ON SURVIVAL OF RANDOM-PATTERN SKIN FLAP IN RATS

Objective To investigate the effects of ecdysterone on the survival of the dorsal random-pattern skin flap with large length-to-width ratio in rats and its possible mechanisms. Methods Twenty-four healthy adult SD rats (male and/or female) weighing 200-250 g were randomly divided into the experimental group and the control group (n=12 per group).A caudally based dorsal random pattern skin flap, measuring 8 cm × 2 cm, was symmetrically raised. Ecdysterone (5 mg/kg) and normal sal ine (5 mg/kg) were injected into the abdominal cavity of rats in the experimental group and the control group at 10 minutes before operation and from the first to the fifth day after operation, respectively. The general condition of the rats was observed after operation. At 7 days after operation, the survival rate of the flap was detected, the superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and the malonyldialdehyde (MDA) level were tested, HE and immunohistochemistry staining observation of the flap were performed. VIII factor dried microvessels in the middle part of the flap (4 cm far away from pedicle) were counted. Results All the rats survived until the end of the experiment. At 7 days after operation, the survival rate of the flap was 62.323% ± 7.046% in the experimental group and 47.753% ± 2.952% in the control group (P lt; 0.001); SOD activity was (54.560 ± 4.535) U/mgprot in the experimental group and (23.962 ± 3.985) U/mgprot in the control group (P lt; 0.001); MDA level was (8.445 ± 0.992) nmol/mgprot in the experimental group and (14.983 ± 0.929) nmol/mgprot in the control group (P lt; 0.001). Histology observation: compared with the control group, the inflammatory cells infiltration was less and the hyperplasia of fibers was more obvious in the experimental group. The microvessel counting in the middle part of the flap was 17.817 ± 2.420 in the experimental group and 8.967 ± 2.000 in the control group (P lt; 0.001). Conclusion Perioperative intraperitoneal injection of ecdysterone can promote the survival of the random-pattern skin flaps with large length-to-width ratio. Its mechanism may be related to its effects of improving SOD activity, decreasing l ipid peroxidation, and promoting angiogenesis of skin flaps.

Analysis of Paraoxonase 1 Activity in the Patients with Hyperhyroidism

目的:探討甲狀腺功能亢進癥(甲亢)患者血漿對氧磷酯酶1(PON1)活性變化以及與其它氧化應激指標的關系。方法:分別測定50名對照組和78例甲亢組空腹血漿中游離三碘甲狀腺原氨酸(FT3)、游離甲狀腺素(FT4)、促甲狀腺激素(TSH)、PON1活性、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、丙二醛(MAD)、氧化低密度脂蛋白(ox-LDL)及血脂含量,并進行相關性分析。 結果:甲亢患者血漿PON1活性(139 ±64)kU/L,ox-LDL(598.3±58.6)μg/L,MDA(15.11±3.26) μmol/L及SOD(80.2±25.3)NU/mL。對照組上述指標分別為:PON1(168 ±70)kU/L,ox-LDL (446.2±62.2) μg/L,MDA (10.02±3.00) μmol/L,SOD(92.9±26.9)NU/mL。血漿PON1和SOD活性顯著低于對照組(Plt;0.01),ox-LDL和MDA水平顯著高于對照組(Plt;0.01)。甲亢患者血漿PON1活性與SOD呈正相關(r=0. 381,Plt; 0.05),與ox-LDL、MDA呈負相關(r=-0. 411,r=-0. 445,Plt; 0.01)。 結論:甲亢患者血漿PON1活性顯著降低,可能與氧化應激增強有關。

Protective Effect of Shenfu Injection with Antioxidant System on Rats’ Kidney after the Ischemia-reperfusion Injury

【摘要】　目的　探討抗氧化應激是否參與參附注射液預處理誘導的腎臟保護作用。　方法　健康成年雄性SD大鼠21只隨機分為假手術對照組（Sham組）、腎臟缺血再灌注組（I/R組）和參附注射液組（SF組）；SF組給予參附注射液10 mL/kg腹腔注射，每日1次，連續給藥7d。麻醉下行右腎切除后，用無損傷動脈夾鉗夾左側腎蒂60min，再灌注24 h，制備腎缺血再灌注損傷動物模型。比較各組SD大鼠再灌注24 h腎臟組織中超氧化物歧化酶（superonidedismutase，SOD）水平、過氧化氫酶（catalese，CAT）和丙二醛（malonicalaldehyed，MDA）含量。　結果　與Sham組相比，I/R和SF組腎臟組織SOD和CAT顯著降低，而MDA明顯升高（Plt;0.05）；與I/R組比，參附注射液能明顯增加SOD和CAT水平（Plt;0.05），降低MDA含量（Plt;0.05）。　結論　參附注射液預處理可增強缺血再灌注損傷腎臟組織抗氧化應激，其表現為增強SOD和CAT的活力，減少MDA的生成。【Abstract】　Objective　To explore the protective effect of Shenfu injection combined with antioxidant system on rats’ kidney after ischemia-reperfusion injury.　Methods　Twenty-one male Sprague Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups: sham operation group (Sham group), ischemia-reperfusion group (IR group), and shenfu injection treated group (SF group). The rats were anesthetized with valebarbitone. Bilateral kidneys were exposed through midline incision. The right kidney underwent the nephrectomy and left renal pedicels were occluded for 60 minutes with a traumatic mini-clamp and then unclamped for 24 hours. Animals in SF group received Shenfu injection (10 mL/kg) through intraperitoneal injection every day for 7 days. About 24 hours after reperfusion, superoxide dismutase (SOD), CAT and malonical aldehyde (MDA) were measured.　Results　The levels of MDA were lower in SF group than those in IR group (Plt;0.05). The level of SOD and CAT in SF group increased more significantly than which did in IR group (Plt;0.05).　Conclusion　Our finding suggests that antioxidant system in SF group works more efficiently than IR group to overcome oxidative stress in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.

The Impacts of “5.12” Earthquake Stress on Victims’ Gastrointestinal Hormone Levels

目的　探討地震應激對胃泌素、生長抑素、血清超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活性和丙二醛（MDA）水平的影響，為震后災區人群應激性潰瘍的防治提供理論依據。 方法　隨機抽取四川省人民醫院2008年5月15日－31日間收治的60名5.12汶川地震災民為研究組，58名健康體檢者作為對照組。分別對兩組人群進行心理調查，采用酶聯免疫吸附法測定血清胃泌素和生長抑素水平，利用生化法檢測血清SOD活性和MDA含量，并對上述各指標在兩組間的分布進行比較。 結果　研究組癥狀自評量表得分高于對照組（P＜0.05）；兩組血清胃泌素分別為（1.04 ± 0.67）、（0.74 ± 0.58） ng/mL，研究組高于對照組（P＜0.01）；兩組MDA水平分別為（7.16 ± 5.58）、（4.83 ± 4.48） nmol/mL，研究組高于對照組（P＜0.05）；而兩組生長抑素分別為（0.74 ± 0.94）、（1.92 ± 3.05） ng/mL，研究組低于對照組（P＜0.01）；兩組SOD分別為（6.06 ± 2.20）、（7.79 ± 1.58）U/mL，研究組低于對照組（P＜0.01）。 結論　地震可引起生理應激狀態，導致機體在免疫、抗氧化能力、胃腸激素等方面出現一系列變化，胃泌素、生長抑素等均參與應激性疾病的形成，這些變化可能導致地震災區消化性潰瘍高發。

The Effect of Hypoxic Preconditioning on Old Rat Model of Postoperative Fatigue Syndrome Caused by Excision of Bilateral Accessory and Hysterectomy

目的:研究缺氧預處理對老年大鼠子宮及雙附件切除術后疲勞是否有改善作用,并通過對比觀察超氧化物歧化酶及丙二醛水平的變化,初步探討缺氧預處理的作用機制。方法:將老年大鼠分為空白對照組、對照組、缺氧預處理三組。空白對照組為假手術組,對照組為子宮及雙附件切除術組, 缺氧預處理組為缺氧預處理加子宮及雙附件切除術組。對比觀察缺氧預處理對大鼠體力活動及血清超氧化物歧化酶和丙二醛水平的影響。結果:空白對照組、對照組、缺氧預處理三組大鼠懸尾不動時間分別為:(21±3)s,(83±10)s,(44±5)s,各組間比較Plt;0.05。三組SOD活性分別為:(131.23±5.31)U/L,(36.12±9.68)U/L,(73.01±9.82)U/L,各組間比較Plt;0.05。三組MDA水平分別為:(9.78±1.26)μmol/L,(29.87±3.13)μmol/L,(15.98±2.21)μmol/L,各組間比較Plt;0.05。結論:缺氧預處理可提高老年大鼠的抗氧化能力,對老年大鼠子宮及雙附件切除術后疲勞綜合征有明顯的改善作用。

The Effect of Medical Ozone on Lung Tissue of Pulmonary Fibrosis Rats

ObjectiveTo explore the feasibility of medical ozone in treatment of pulmonary fibrosis. MethodsForty Wistar rats were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group, with 20 rats in each group.All rats were intratreacheally instilled with bleomycin to induce pulmonary fibrosis.Then the rats were intraperitoneally injected with physiological saline every other day in the control group, and with medical ozone every other day in the experimental group.After 28 days, 10 rats in each group were sacrificed after lung function test.Right lung tissues were sampled for pathological examination, and left lung tissues were sampled for measurement of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and hydroxyproline.The remaining 10 rats in each group continued to be normally fed and intraperitoneally injected for observation of the survival time. ResultsThe lung function of the control group significantly decreased compared with the experimental group.The degree of lung fibrosis in the control group was more severe than that in the experimental group (lung fibrosis score: 1.9±0.5 vs.1.2±0.4, P < 0.05). The level of SOD in lung tissue was significantly higher and the level of hydroxyproline was significantly lower in the experimental group compared with the control group [(208.48±29.37)U·mg-1·pro-1 vs.(163.34±21.42) U·mg-1·pro-1, (2.25±0.28) mg/g vs.(2.68±0.37) mg/g, P < 0.05].The rats in the experimental group had longer survival time compared with the control group (79 d vs.59 d, P < 0.05). ConclusionMedical ozone can delay the progress of pulmonary fibrosis in rats.