Objectives
To systematically review the association between TM6SF2 (transmembrane six superfamily member 2- rs58592426) polymorphism and liver lesion and the severity of liver fibrosis.
Methods
We electronically searched databases including PubMed, CNKI, WanFang Data and CBM from inception to January 27, 2016, to collect cross-sectional studies about the association between the TM6SF2 polymorphism and the liver lesion and the severity of liver fibrosis. Two reviewers independently screened literature, extracted data and assessed the methodological quality included studies. Then, meta-analysis was performed using Stata 12.0 software.
Results
A total of 23 studies including 96 594 patients were included. The results of meta-analysis showed that: TM6SF2 polymorphism was associated with increased risk of the severity of liver fibrosis, the levels of TG, TC and LDL-C (all P values < 0.05). Carriers of the T allele showed lower levels of TG, TC, and LDL-C. Carriers of the T allele revealed higher levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) when compared with homozygous EE.
Conclusion
TM6SF2 polymorphism is associated with lipid traits in different population, the variants shows lower levels of lipid traits in blood serum and increases the risk of the severity of liver fibrosis and liver lesion.
Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is one of the most common microvascular complications of diabetes, and it is the main cause of vision loss in diabetic patients. Angiopoietin (Ang), a superfamily of secreted proteins, is a vascular growth factor that regulates the stability of vascular environment, participates in angiogenesis and repair, and lipid metabolism. It plays an important role in the development of DR and has become a new target for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy. With the in-depth study of Ang and the research and development of various drugs for Ang, it is expected to bring new ideas and strategies for the treatment of DR in the future.
Objective To observe and preliminarily explore the effects of Deferasirox (DFX) on lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in human retinal endothelial cells (HREC). MethodsA cell experimental study. Divided the in vitro cultured HREC into normal glucose (NG) group, high glucose (HG) group, NG+DFX group, HG+DFX group, NG+DFX+ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) group, and HG+DFX+FAC group. Light microscope was used to observe the morphology of the cells; cell proliferation was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8 assay, and Calcein-AM staining was used to detect the unstable iron pool (LIP) content; enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay reader was used to detect the reactive oxygen species (ROS), malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), and oxidized glutathione (GSSG); Western blot was used to detect the relative protein expression of Glutathione Peroxidase 4 (GPX4) and Solute Carrier Family 7 Member 11 (SLC7A11). Two-tailed Student t test was used for comparison between the two groups; one-way ANOVA was used for comparison between multiple groups. ResultsCompared with the HG group and the HG+DFX+FAC group, the cell proliferation rate and the contents of GSH and the relative protein expression of GPX4, and SLC7A11 in the HG+DFX group were significantly increased, and the differences were statistically significant (F=150.70, 21.02, 26.09, 52.62; P＜0.001). The contents of LIP, ROS, MDA, and GSSG were significantly decreased, and the differences were statistically significant (F=807.20, 16.94, 31.62, 19.21; P＜0.001). ConclusionsHigh glucose significantly induces an increase in LIP, lipid peroxidation, and ferroptosis in HREC. Deferasirox inhibits lipid peroxidation and ferroptosis in HREC by downregulating LIP levels.
In order to understand the change of free radicals in the course of injury and regeneration of nerve, the sciatic nerve of Wistar rat was crushed to, prepare the model of nerve injury and measured the content of Malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) of the nerve. Thirty rats were used in this study. The sciatic nerve on one side was crushed, the contralateral sciatic nerve was served as control. According to the time of assessment (2,4,6,11,21 days after crushing), the rats were divided into 5 groups. The MDA concentration of the controlwas 19.65±0.27 and that of the crushing groups at different time were 21.25±0.36, 21.98±0.35, 22.77±0.38, 23.73±0.13, 23.92±0.44, respectively (nmol/100mg pro, x±s), while the SOD concentration of the control was 119.18±0.58 and that of the crushing groups at different time were 144.85±1.70, 136.14±1.71, 130.58±0.57, 126.41±0.98, 122.36±0.79, respectively (ug/mg pro, x±s), In the experimental groups, all the MDA concentrations were markedly higher than that of the control Plt;0.01, t-test) and tended to increase with the time passing by. The SOD concentrations in the experimental groups were also higher than that of the control Plt;0.01, t-test) and tended to decrease with the time passing on. The study suggested that after crushing or ligation of the nerve, the free radicals would increase.
ObjectiveTo investigate the correlation between lipid accumulation product (LAP) and risk of ischemic cardiovascular disease (ICVD).
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was performed among community residents from an urban community in Chengdu area between September 2011 and June 2012. Questionnaire survey was carried out. Each individual underwent biochemistry analysis and physical examination. In addition, brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (BaPWV) and augmentation index (AI) were detected. Pearson correlation analysis was performed to explore the relationship between LAP and each cardiovascular risk factor. Liner regression model was used to analyze the relationship between LAP and ICVD.
ResultsA total of 780 individuals with complete data were included in the analysis. LAP was correlated with blood pressure, total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, and BaPWV (P＜0.05). LAP was associated with the risk of ICVD (r=0.253, P＜0.001). After being adjusted with sex, age and other cardiovascular risk factors, LAP was also correlated with the risk of ICVD (r=0.050, P＜0.001).
ConclusionsHigh LAP is associated with elevated cardiovascular risks and subclinical vascular damage. In addition, LAP is correlated with ICVD risk, thus it may be used to predict the incidence of ICVD to some extent. However, as the correlation is weak, our study does not support the direct use of this indicator to predict ICVD. Large-sample studies based on different races and ages are needed.
Lipid globules in retina and choroid are new definitions based on pathology and high-resolution optical coherence tomography (OCT). OCT examination shows that the lipid globules are low reflective circular cavities in the choroid and retina, without strong reflective boundaries around them, followed by a characteristic superreflective tail. It occurs in healthy human eyes and in age-related macular degeneration characterized by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy. Its characteristic superreflective tail is the key to distinguishing it from other diseases. At present, the understanding of lipid globules is still in the initial stage. Although lipid globules can be observed in healthy human eyes, a certain prevalence rate indicates that they are associated with choroidal hypoperfusion and RPE atrophy. In the future, larger randomized controlled trials and longer follow-up time are needed to explore its pathogenesis, pathological characteristics and treatment prognosis.
Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of lipid-modifying agents for metabolism syndrome.Methods We searched The Cochrane Library, MEDLINE, EMbase, the China Biological Medicine Database, VIP and CMAC to 2007. We also did some handsearching and additional searching. Randomized controlled trials of lipidmodifying therapy for metabolic syndrome were included. Two reviewers independently extracted data from the eligible studies and evaluated the quality of the included studies. Meta-analyses were performed for the results of homogeneous studies using The Cochrane Collaboration’s RevMan 4.2.9 software. Results A total of 11 studies involving 1 422 patients with metabolic syndrome were included. The results indicated that there was no significant difference in TG between rosuvastatin and atorvastatin. However, rosuvastatin was more effective than atorvastatin on HDL-c improvement. Atorvastatin decreased TG levels greater than simvastatin, but simvastatin was superior to atorvastatin in HDL-c improvement. Two trials comparing fenofibrate with placebo were heterogeneous for some outcomes: one found no significant difference in improvements to HOMA-index, but the other trial indicated that fenofibrate was superior to placebo in improving QUICKI. However, the two trials revealed that fenofibrate favorably affected TG [WMD= – 1.77, 95%CI (– 2.21, – 1.33)] and HDL-c [WMD= 6.62, 95%CI (2.07, 11.17)] compared with placebo. No significant differences among atorvastatin, fenofibrate, alone or in combination, were observed in the proportion of metabolic syndrome reduction [RR=0.99, 95%CI (0.84, 1.16); RR=1.03, 95%CI (0.88, 1.20); RR=1.01, 95%CI (0.87, 1.18)]. Atorvastatin plus fenofibrate was superior to atorvastatin alone in TG and HDL-c improvement. Simvastatin-fenofibrate combination produced greater effectiveness in improving of HDL-c and TG compared with simvastatin alone. The fenofibrateorlistat combination was similar to fenofibrate in reducing metabolic syndrome [RR=1.15, 95%CI (0.68, 1.95)] and TG improvement, but was more effective than fenofibrate in HOMA-index improvement. This review of the clinical trials shows that the majority of lipid-modulating drugs did not have favorable effects on FPG, BP, BMI and WC. Six studies reported side effects, showing that the side effects for lipid-regulating drugs were mild to moderate, and well tolerated.Conclusion Our results suggest that lipid-regulating drugs in general exhibit beneficial effects on TG and HDL-c, but not on blood glucose and central obesity. The therapeutic effects of lipid-regulating drugs on blood pressure and insulin sensitivity are uncertain and have no positive effects on FPG, BMI and WC. There is insufficient evidence in this review to recommend the use of lipid-modifying drugs for metabolic syndrome due to low methodological quality, small ssamplesize and limited number of the trials. More high-quality and large-scale randomized controlled trials are required.
Wistar rats weaned were raised through 10 weeks under cyclic illumination of 12 hours light and 12 hours darkness,with four different fluorescent colour lighting condition:75 lx and 300lx blue light,300 lux white and 300lux pink light to study the change of superoxide dismutases(SOD)and lipid peroxied(LPO)in the retina.This paper shows that photic oxidative reaction reduces SOD in the retina and oxidizes polyunsaturated fatty acids to become LPO and that complex visible light oxidizes retina easier than simple wave lengths visible light does.The shorter the wave lengths of visible light is and the brighter the illumination is the more serious the oxidative damage of the retina is.
（Chin J Ocul Fundus Dis,1993,9:14-16）
Objective To investigate the protective effect and mechanism of erythropoietin (EPO) on injury of human retinal pigment epithelial (hRPE) cell induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Methods Take subcultured hFRPE cells as study target. They were treated with 800 mu;mol/L of H2O2 for 3 hours to establish the cell injury model. The cultured cells were divided into three groups：control group, simply injury group and therapeutic group which again divided into 10 IU/ml, 20 IU/ml, 40 IU/ml,60 IU/ml subgroups according to the concentration of recombinant human erythropoietin(rhEPO). NF-kappa;B was measured by immunohistochemistry. The content of Malondialdehyde(MDA) which was the product of cellular lipid peroxidation and the releasing rate of lactate dehydrogenase（LDH）were estimated by chromatometry. Results H2O2 could elevate the level of MDA and the releasing rate of LDH, compared simply injury group with control group, the differences were significant.(tLDH＝29.746,tMDA＝20.426,Plt;0.05); Compared all of therapeutics groups with simply injury group, the releasing rate of MAD and LDH were decreased obviously, the differences were significant.（LDH t10IU＝5.770，t20IU＝12.774，t40IU＝19.818，t60IU＝24.833，Plt;0.05；MDA t10IU＝5.345，t20IU＝10.278，t40IU＝18.571，t60IU＝20.247，Plt;0.05）; The correlative analysis results of each therapeutic subgroup were: ①the concentration of rhEPO had negative correlation with the relation rate of LDH and the content of MDA(r=-0.976，P=0.024； r=-0.968，P=0.032) ; ②the concentration of rhEPO had positive correlation with the nuclear translative rate of NF-kappa;B(r=0.998，P=0.002); ③the nuclear translative rate of NF-kappa;B had negative correlation with the content of MDA(r=－0.954，P=0.046). Conclusion EPO can protect hFRPE cells from the injury of H2O2, the mechanism may be related to the activation of NF-kappa;B.
ObjectiveTo investigate the prevalence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with lipid metabolism disorders patients in Chengdu.
MethodsWe randomly selected four communities from urban and rural areas in Chengdu between February and December, 2010, with multistage cluster random sampling method; 1 931 residents aged from 40 to 70 received special questionnaire from the BOLD Study, lung examination, blood biochemical examination, and physical examination.
ResultsThe prevalence of COPD was 60.26% (91/151) with dyslipidemia; while non-COPD was 68.17% (972/1 428), and the difference was significant (P<0.05), in which the most obvious difference is triglycerides (TG). The prevalence of COPD was 6.62% (10/151) with underweight; while non-COPD was 4.97% (71/1 428), and the difference was significant (P<0.001). The prevalence of COPD was 21.19% (32/151) with abdominal obesity; while non-COPD was 30.81% (440/1 428), and the difference was significant (P<0.05).
ConclusionThe prevalence of COPD with lipid metabolism disorders is lower than which with non-COPD in Chengdu. It provides an evidence for the nutrition support therapy in the treatment of COPD.
