Background Hepatitis B is one of the major infectious diseases of mankind, and up to now, there is no effective way to handle it. Recent clinical trials have shown the potential advantages of Kurorinone an extract of Chinese herb, in treament of chronic HBV infection. Objectives Systermically review the safety and efficacy of Kurorinone in treatment of chronic HBV infection. Search strategy With the searching terms including Kurorinone, its products’ name, hepatitis B and chronic carrier status, the trials registers of the Cochrane Hepato- Biliary Group, the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field, and the central database of the Cochrane Library as well as MEDILINE, EMBASE and Chinese Biomedical CD Database were searched from their date of inception onward. 20 Chinese medical journals and relevant academic conference proceedings have been searched by hand. The reference lists of identified documents were checked as the complementary search. Inclusion Criteria All RCTs that tested Kurorinone for chronic HBV infection were included in this review. Method of the review According the demand of Cochrane systematic review, selection of trial for inclusion, assessment of methodological quality, data extraction and data syntheses would be conducted for each included trial.
OBJECTIVE: To conduct the in vitro test on drug release of rifampin encapsulated in a carrier made of porous phosphate glass ceramics and to analyze main factors which affect the drug release rate. METHODS: A certain quantitative of rifampin was sealed in a hollow cylindrical capsule which consisted of chopped calcium phosphate crystal fiber obtained from glass crystallization. The rifampin concentration was measured in the simulated physiological solution in which the capsule soaked. RESULTS: Rifampin could be released in a constant rate from the porous glass ceramic carrier in a long time. The release rate was dependent on the size of crystal fiber and the wall thickness of the capsule. CONCLUSION: This kind of calcium phosphate glass ceramics can be a candidate of the carrier materials used as long term drug therapy after osteotomy surgery.
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are considered as an ideal treatment for multiple diseases including ocular disease. Recent studies have demonstrated that MSCs-derived exosomes have similar functions with MSCs. Exosomes are nanovesicles surrounded by a phospholipid layer that shuttle active cargo between different cells. They are capable of passing the biological barrier and have potentials to be utilized as natural carrier for the ocular drug delivery.
Objective To investigate the growth, expansion, and metabolic characteristics of the human dermal fibroblasts cultured in a bioreactor with batch and medium exchange modes. Methods Human dermal fibroblasts separated from foreskin were seeded into a 1.5 liter CelliGen bioreactor with 5mg/ml of microcarriers. The cell growth, glucose consumption and lactate accumulation in both batch and medium exchange cultures were measured. Results The growth density of fibroblasts cultured in the bioreactor with medium-exchange mode reached 2.08×106 cell/ml, expande 29.7 folds, which was 1.81 times as high as that in batch culture. By comparison with the results obtained in T-flasks and spinners under the same medium-exchange conditions, the cell density in the bioreactor was 9.16 and 1.43 times as high as those in T-flasks and spinners respectively owing to that the limitation effect the attachment surface, nutrient exhaust, and by-product accumulation on the growth of fibroblasts in the bioreactor by using microcarriers, medium-exchange, as well as gas aeration was elimnated. Conclution The above results indicate that suspended cultures with microcarriers in bioreactors are an effective approach to rpovide large amounts of seeding cells for tissue engineering.
Objective To assess the efficacy and safety of Chinese medicinal herbs for asymptomatic hepatitis B virus(HBV) infection. Data Source The trials registers of the Cochrane Hepato-Biliary Group, the Cochrane Library and the Cochrane Complementary Medicine Field were searched in combination with MEDLINE, EMBASE, and handsearches of Chinese journals and conference proceedings. Data Selection Randomized clinical trials with 3 months follow-up comparing Chinese medicinal herbs versus placebo, no intervention, non-specific treatment, or interferon treatment for asymptomatic HBV carriers were included. No language and blinding limitations were applied. Data Extraction Data were extracted independently by two reviewers. The methodological quality of trials was assessed by the Jadad-scale plus allocation concealment. Results Three randomized clinical trials (307 patients) with low methodological quality following patients for three months or more after the end of treatment were included. Herbal compound Jianpi Wenshen recipe showed significant effects on clearance of HBV markers compared to interferon: relative risk 2.40 (95 % CI 1.01 to 5.72) for clearance of serum HBsAg, and 2.54 (1.13 to 5.70) for seroconversion of HBeAg to anti-HBe. Phyllanthus amarus and Astragalus membranaceus showed no significant antiviral effect compared with placebo. Analysis of pooling eight randomized clinical trials with less than three months follow-up did not show a significant benefit of Chinese medicinal herbs on viral markers. No serious adverse event was observed. Conclusions There is insufficient evidence for treatment of asymptomatic HBVcarriers using Chinese medicinal herbs due to the low quality of the trials. Further randomized, double blind, placebo-controlled trials are needed.
Objective To develop an in vitro three-dimensional angiogenesis system and analyze the expression and function of CD105 in angiogenesis. Methods After primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were purified and cultured, the microcarriers were coated with HUVEC and then embedded and cultured into fibrin gel. The angiogenesis process of HUVEC on the microcarriers was formed. The expression of CD105 during this process was detected by reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). Antisense oligodeoxynucleotide (ASODN) was used to inhibit the expression of CD105 and the changes of the angiogenesis process were analyzed quantitatively. Results HUVEC on the microcarriers which were embedded into the fibrin gel, occurred the angiogenesis process of sprouts, branches and capillary networks with lumina. During this process, CD105 was over expressed in the periods of forming sprouts and branches, and depressed in the relatively steady periods including the periods before forming sprouts and after forming capillary networks. While the expression of CD105 was inhibited by ASODN, the angiogenesis process was significantly inhibited. Conclusions The expression of CD105 is varied within the angiogenesis process, over expressing during the sprouts and branches forming periods. Inhibiting the expression of CD105 could efficiently inhibit angiogenesis.
ObjectiveTo observe intervention effect of Shenlingcao oral liquid on asymptomatic chronic hepatitis B virus carriers (AsC).
MethodsA self control before-after trial was conducted in the First Affiliated Hospital of Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine and the Ninth People's Hospital of Nanchang City from November 2011 to May 2012. A total of 64 AsCs were treated by Shenlingcao oral liquid (1 bottle/d, 200 mL, once daily for 6 months). Serum HBV viral load, six specific serum markers of HBV and 11 liver function index were tested and recorded before and at the 1th, 3th, 6th months of the treatment. Analysis of variance of repeated data was conducted.
ResultsAfter one month of the treatment, 35/57 (61.40%) AsCs' serum HBV-DNA loads decreased, 1 log decrease was observed in 15 cases, 2 log decrease was observed in 4 cases, and decrease under the detection limit was observed in 12 cases. 41/57 (71.93%) AsCs' serum HBV-DNA loads decreased after 3 months of treatment, 1 log decrease was observed in 21 cases, 2 log decrease was observed in 5 cases, and decrease under the detection limit was observed in 15 cases. 31/49 (63.26%) AsCs' serum HBV-DNA loads decreased after 6 months of the treatment, 1 log decrease was observed in 19 cases, decrease more than 2 log was observed in 7 cases, and decrease under the detection limit was observed in 12 cases. The serum HBV viral loads at different time points of the treatment were significantly different (P<0.001). As medication time went, AsCs' serum HBV viral loads presented a decrease trend after taking Shenlingcao oral liquid, especially obvious at the 3th month.
ConclusionShenlingcao oral liquid could help promote AsCs' ability of clearing virus and controlling serum HBVDNA loads.
Objective To review the progress and clinical application of malleable bone paste/putty. MethodsRecent literature about malleable bone paste/putty was reviewed and analyzed. ResultsThe preparation and clinical application of malleable bone paste/putty have become increasingly mature. Many kinds of malleable bone paste/putty have been applied extensively and the good clinical results have been achieved in the treatment of the irregular bone defects. The materials and methods for preparing malleable bone paste/putty are different. Then they have different bone repair abilities. ConclusionMalleable bone paste/putty provides effective method to treat irregular bone defects. But the malleable bone paste/putty still has some shortage, so further researches should be carried out.
Polymeric hydrogels have been widely researched as drug delivery systems, wound dressings and tissue engineering scaffolds due to their unique properties such as good biocompatibility, shaping ability and similar properties to extracellular matrix. However, further development of conventional hydrogels for biomedical applications is still limited by their poor mechanical properties and self-healing properties. Currently, nanocomposite hydrogels with excellent properties and customized functions can be obtained by introducing nanoparticles into their network, and different types of nanoparticles, including carbon-based, polymer-based, inorganic-based and metal-based nanoparticle, are commonly used. Nanocomposite hydrogels incorporated with polymeric micelles can not only enhance the mechanical properties, self-healing properties and chemical properties of hydrogels, but also improve the in vivo stability of micelles. Therefore, micelle-hydrogel nanocomposites have been recently considered as promising biomaterials. In this paper, the structure, properties and methods for preparation of the micelle-hydrogel nanocomposite systems are introduced, and their applications in drug delivery, wound treatment and tissue engineering are reviewed, aiming to provide reference for further development and application of the nanocomposites.
Objective To introduce an injectable andin situ gelling gelatin hydrogel, and to explore the possibility as a carrier for demineralized bone matrix (DBM) powder delivery. Methods First, thiolated gelatin was prepared and the thiol content was determined by Ellman method, and then the injectable andin situ gelling gelatin hydrogel (Gel) was formed by crosslinking of the thiolated gelatin and poly (ethylene oxide) diacrylate and the gelation time was determined by inverted method. Finally, the DBM-Gel composite was prepared by mixing Gel and DBM powder. The cytotoxicity was tested by live/dead staining and Alamar blue assay of the encapsulated cells in the DBM-Gel. Forin vitro cell induction, C2C12 cells were firstly incubated onto the surface of the DBM and then the composite was prepared. The experiment included two groups: DBM-Gel and DBM. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity was determined at 1, 3, 5,and 7 days after culture.In vivo osteoinductivity was evaluated using ectopic bone formation model of nude rats. Histological observation and the ALP activity was measured in DBM-Gel and DBM groups at 4 weeks after implantation. Results The thiol content in the thiolated gelatin was (0.51±0.03) mmol/g determined by Ellman method. The gelation time of the hydrogel was (6±1) minutes. DBM powder can be mixed with the hydrogel and injected into the implantation site within the gelation time. The cells in the DBM-Gel exhibited spreading morphology and connected each other in part with increasing culture time. The viability of the cells was 95.4%±1.9%, 97.3%±1.3%, and 96.1%±1.6% at 1, 3, and 7 days after culture, respectively. The relative proliferation was 1.0±0.0, 1.1±0.1, 1.5±0.1, and 1.6±0.1 at 1, 3, 5, and 7 days after culture respectively.In vitro induction showed that the ALP activity of the DBM-Gel group was similar to that of the DBM group, showing no significant difference (P>0.05). With increasing culture time, the ALP activities in both groups increased gradually and the activity at 5 and 7 days was significantly higher than that at 1 and 3 days (P<0.05), while there was no significant difference between at 1 and 3 days, and between 5 and 7 days (P>0.05). At 4 weeks after implantationin vivo, new bone and cartilage were observed, but no bone marrow formation in DBM-Gel group; in DBM group, new bone, new cartilage, and bone marrow formation were observed. The histological osteoinduction scores of DBM-Gel and DBM groups were 4.0 and 4.5, respectively. The ALP activities of DBM-Gel and DBM groups were respectively (119.4±22.7) and (146.7±13.0) μmol/mg protein/min, showing no significant difference (t=–2.085,P=0.082). Conclusion The injectable andin situ gelling gelatin hydrogel for delivery of DBM is feasible.
